Extração, isolamento, caracterização e avaliação das atividades biológicas de metabólitos secundários das folhas de Garcinia brasiliensis
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Data
2017-08-04
Autores
Ribeiro, Leonardo Bergamasco [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Garcinia brasiliensis, popularmente conhecida como bacupari, é uma árvore pertencente à família Clusiaceae, de origem amazônica, encontrada nos diversos biomas tropicais e utilizada na medicina popular como anti-inflamatório do trato urinário e antinociceptivo. O estudo fitoquímico da fração butanólica das folhas desta espécie levou ao isolamento e identificação de 4 flavonoides: miricetina-3-O-ramnopiranosídeo (S1), miricetina-3-O-glucopiranosídeo (S2), 4’-metoxi-miricetina-3-O-ramnopiranosídeo (S3) e quercetina-3-O-glucopiranosídeo (S4) e cinco C13-norisoprenos glicosilados da classe das megastigmanas, relatadas pela primeira vez na literatura para o gênero Garcinia: o 3-oxo-α-ionol-glucopiranosídeo (S5), e dois pares de megastigmanas diastereôméricas: (Z)-4-[3’-(glucopiranosil)butilideno]-3,5,5-trimetil-2-cicloexen-1-ona (S6 e S7) e (E)-4-[3’-(glucopiranosil)butilideno]-3,5,5-trimetil-2-cicloexen-1-ona (S8 e S9). Através do estudo de desreplicação por CG-EM da fração hexânica de G. brasiliensis foi possível identificar 18 substâncias pertencentes a classe dos álcoois, ácidos graxos, triterpenos e esteroides, no qual se dá destaque aos triterpenos pentacíclicos α e β-amirina, ácido ursólico e ácido oleanólico como componentes majoritários deste extrato. Os ensaios de citotoxicidade com MTT frente a linhagens tumorais humanas indicaram forte potencial citotóxico para os extratos acetato de etila e butanólico com porcentagem de inibição superiores a 90%, apesar de baixa especificidade. Já os ensaios de inibição da enzima acetilcolinesterase humana apresentaram resultados promissores para os extratos butanólico e aquoso com inibição enzimática superior a Tacrina, utilizada como controle positivo.
Garcinia brasiliensis, known as “bacupari”, is a tree that belongs to Clusiaceae family, native from Amazonia and spread in diverse subtropical biomes, which is used in folk medicine to treat inflammation of the urinary tract and relieve pain. The phytochemical study of the butanol fraction from the leaves led to the isolation and identification of four flavonoids: myricetin-3-O-rhamnopyranoside (S1), myricetin-3-O-glucopyranoside (S2), 4’-methoxy-myricetin-3-O-rhamnopyranoside (S3) and quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside (S4), in addition to five megastigmane glycosides, reported for the first time in the literature for the Garcinia genus: 3-oxo-α-ionol-glucopyranoside (S5) and two pairs of diastereoisomeric megastigmans,(Z)-4-[3'-(glucopyranosyloxy)butylidene]-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (S6 and S7) and (E)-4-[3'-(glucopyranosyloxy)butylidene]-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (S8 and S9). The GC-MS dereplication study of the hexane extract from G. brasiliensis led to the identification of 18 substances belonging to the class of alcohols, fatty acids, triterpenes and steroids, highlighting the pentacyclic triterpenes α- and β-amyrin, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid as major metabolites. The cytotoxicity evaluation using the MTT assay against human tumor cell lines showed strong cytotoxic potential for the ethyl acetate and butanol extracts with inhibitory percentage greater than 90%, despite their low specificity. The human acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition assay showed promising results for the butanol and aqueous extracts, with stronger inhibititory potential than Tacrine, a commercial drug used as positive control.
Garcinia brasiliensis, known as “bacupari”, is a tree that belongs to Clusiaceae family, native from Amazonia and spread in diverse subtropical biomes, which is used in folk medicine to treat inflammation of the urinary tract and relieve pain. The phytochemical study of the butanol fraction from the leaves led to the isolation and identification of four flavonoids: myricetin-3-O-rhamnopyranoside (S1), myricetin-3-O-glucopyranoside (S2), 4’-methoxy-myricetin-3-O-rhamnopyranoside (S3) and quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside (S4), in addition to five megastigmane glycosides, reported for the first time in the literature for the Garcinia genus: 3-oxo-α-ionol-glucopyranoside (S5) and two pairs of diastereoisomeric megastigmans,(Z)-4-[3'-(glucopyranosyloxy)butylidene]-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (S6 and S7) and (E)-4-[3'-(glucopyranosyloxy)butylidene]-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (S8 and S9). The GC-MS dereplication study of the hexane extract from G. brasiliensis led to the identification of 18 substances belonging to the class of alcohols, fatty acids, triterpenes and steroids, highlighting the pentacyclic triterpenes α- and β-amyrin, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid as major metabolites. The cytotoxicity evaluation using the MTT assay against human tumor cell lines showed strong cytotoxic potential for the ethyl acetate and butanol extracts with inhibitory percentage greater than 90%, despite their low specificity. The human acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition assay showed promising results for the butanol and aqueous extracts, with stronger inhibititory potential than Tacrine, a commercial drug used as positive control.
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Produtos naturais, Metabólitos, Câncer-quimioprevenção, Cromatografia a gás, Ressonância magnética nuclear