Co-digestão anaeróbia de resíduos vegetais e esgoto sanitário em reatores horizontais de leito fixo e alta taxa
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Data
2017-07-19
Autores
Adames, Luan Vieira [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Avaliou-se o desempenho de quatro reatores anaeróbios horizontais com leito fixo (RAHLF), R1, R2, R3 e R4, instalados em série para remoção de matéria orgânica, coliformes, nutrientes e produção de metano na co-digestão anaeróbia de esgoto sanitário (ES), com diferentes proporções de resíduos vegetais (tomate e banana) (RV). Os RAHLF (R1+ R2+ R3+ R4) foram operados com TDH de 10,9 dias e as COV aplicadas no R1 foram de 3,9; 2,7; 5,5 e 10,4 g DQOtotal (L d)-1, nos ensaios 1, 2, 3 e 4, respectivamente. A proporção de RV na constituição do afluente foi de 5% nos ensaios 1 e 2 e aumentada para 10% no ensaio 3 e 20% no ensaio 4. A recirculação de efluente utilizada, nos ensaios 3 e 4, proporcionou aumento da alcalinidade parcial média de 0 para 1923 mg L-1 nos afluentes dos reatores, que mantiveram pH estáveis acima 7. A maior produção volumétrica de metano foi registrada no R1, atingindo o valor de até 1,123 L CH4 (L d)-1 com uma COV 10,36 g DQO (L d)-1 com 20% de RV no afluente. A produção específica de metano foi de até 0,239 e 0,318 L CH4 g DQOtotal removida, no R2 e R3, respectivamente e ocorreram com a proporção de 20% de RV no afluente. No sistema de reatores (R1+R2+R3+R4) foram observadas remoções de DQOtotal, e DQOdiss de 97 e 96%, remoções de até 99,97 e 99,95% para os coliformes totais e termotolerantes e de 80 e 90% para os sólidos totais e voláteis. A PCR quantitativa realizada no lodo do R1 mostrou equilíbrio entre o número de indivíduos dos domínios Bactéria e Arquéias, e a uma quantidade superior das ordens Methanosarcinales e Methanobacteriales em relação a ordem Methanomicrobiales, ambas atuantes nas vias metabólicas hidrogenotrófica e acetoclástica. Nas famílias Methanosarcinaceae foram observadas 1,61x10^10 cópias/gSV, enquanto Methanosaetaceae, teve uma contagem de 2,31x10^8 cópias/gSV, o que pode ter contribuído para a conversão do acetato a metano.
The performance of four horizontal anaerobic reactors with fixed bed (HARFB), R1, R2, R3 and R4, installed in series for the removal of organic matter, coliforms, nutrients and methane production in the anaerobic co-digestion of sewage (ES) with different proportions of vegetable waste (tomato and banana) (VW). The HARFB (R1 + R2 + R3 + R4) were operated with HDT of 10.9 days and the OLR applied in R1 were of 3.9; 2.7; 5.5 and 10.4 g CODtotal (L d)-1, in tests 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The ratio of VW in the tributary composition was 5% in test 1 and 2 and increased to 10% in test 3 and 20% in test 4. The effluent recirculation used in test 3 and 4 provided an increase in mean partial alkalinity From 0 to 1923 mg L-1 in the effluent of the reactors, which maintained stable pH above 7,0. The highest volumetric production of methane was recorded in R1, reaching a value up to 1,123 L CH4 (L d)-1 with a OLR of 10.36 g COD (L d)-1 with 20% VW in the affluent. The specific production of methane was up to 0.239 and 0.318 L CH4 g DQOtotal removed, in R2 and R3, respectively and occurred with the proportion of 20% of VW in the tributary. In the reactor system (R1+R2+R3+R4), were observed removals of CODtotal and CODOdiss of 97 and 96%, removals of total and thermotolerant coliforms up to 99.97 and 99.95% and removals for total and volatile solids of 80 and 90%. The quantitative PCR performed in the R1 sludge showed a balance between the number of individuals from the Bacteria and Archaea domains, and a larger domain of the Methanosarcinales and Methanobacteriales orders in relation to the Methanomicrobiales order, both active in the hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic metabolic pathways. In the architectural families, Methanosarcinaceae presented 1.0x10^9 copies/gVS, while Methanosaetaceae, had a count of 2.0x10^7 copies/gVS, showing the greater consumption of acetate in the methane conversion.
The performance of four horizontal anaerobic reactors with fixed bed (HARFB), R1, R2, R3 and R4, installed in series for the removal of organic matter, coliforms, nutrients and methane production in the anaerobic co-digestion of sewage (ES) with different proportions of vegetable waste (tomato and banana) (VW). The HARFB (R1 + R2 + R3 + R4) were operated with HDT of 10.9 days and the OLR applied in R1 were of 3.9; 2.7; 5.5 and 10.4 g CODtotal (L d)-1, in tests 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The ratio of VW in the tributary composition was 5% in test 1 and 2 and increased to 10% in test 3 and 20% in test 4. The effluent recirculation used in test 3 and 4 provided an increase in mean partial alkalinity From 0 to 1923 mg L-1 in the effluent of the reactors, which maintained stable pH above 7,0. The highest volumetric production of methane was recorded in R1, reaching a value up to 1,123 L CH4 (L d)-1 with a OLR of 10.36 g COD (L d)-1 with 20% VW in the affluent. The specific production of methane was up to 0.239 and 0.318 L CH4 g DQOtotal removed, in R2 and R3, respectively and occurred with the proportion of 20% of VW in the tributary. In the reactor system (R1+R2+R3+R4), were observed removals of CODtotal and CODOdiss of 97 and 96%, removals of total and thermotolerant coliforms up to 99.97 and 99.95% and removals for total and volatile solids of 80 and 90%. The quantitative PCR performed in the R1 sludge showed a balance between the number of individuals from the Bacteria and Archaea domains, and a larger domain of the Methanosarcinales and Methanobacteriales orders in relation to the Methanomicrobiales order, both active in the hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic metabolic pathways. In the architectural families, Methanosarcinaceae presented 1.0x10^9 copies/gVS, while Methanosaetaceae, had a count of 2.0x10^7 copies/gVS, showing the greater consumption of acetate in the methane conversion.
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Palavras-chave
Hidrólise, Coliformes termotolerantes, Metano, Recirculação de efluente, Remoção de matéria orgânica, Hydrolysis, Thermotolerant coliforms, Methane, Effluent recirculation, Organic matter removal