Efeitos de campos magnéticos externos e de correntes de transporte na dinâmica de vórtices em uma constrição mesoscópica
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Data
2017-08-03
Autores
Presotto, Alice [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Com o desenvolvimento científico, a fabricação de materiais em escalas nano e submicrométricas tornou-se uma realidade. Nos estudos teóricos e experimentais de materiais supercondutores, tais sistemas são denominados de mesoscópicos, e possuem tamanhos da ordem dos seus comprimentos característicos, i.e., λ(T) e ξ(T). Nessas escalas, a dinâmica de vórtices é fortemente dominada por efeitos de confinamento. Dessa forma, a investigação de suas características tem importância fundamental para o desenvolvimento e aplicação desses materiais de forma eficaz. Assim, neste trabalho foram estudados os efeitos da passagem de uma corrente de transporte por uma constrição de tamanhos mesoscópicos, que foi produzida inserindo dois defeitos (normalizando 0<ψ<1 dentro do defeito) nas bordas opostas do sistema. Para tal, simulamos amostras supercondutoras mesoscópicas na presença de correntes de transporte e de campos magnéticos solucionando a equação generalizada de Ginzburg-Landau dependente do tempo (GTDGL). Sem campo magnético aplicado, os pares de vórtices cinemáticos são formados nos defeitos e se aniquilam no centro da amostra. Por outro lado, quando um baixo campo magnético é aplicado, produz uma assimetria na distribuição das correntes supercondutoras. Então, apenas o vórtice cinemático é formado em uma borda da amostra e a deixa pela lateral oposta. Contudo, antes de deixar o sistema, o vórtice cinemático experimenta um efeito de barreira superficial, que causa uma diminuição em sua velocidade. Os resultados obtidos se mostraram bastante interessantes e de grande importância para a área científica, visto que não foram verificados anteriormente.
With the scientific development, the fabrication of materials at nano and sub-micrometer scales become a reality. In theoretical and experimental study of superconducting materials, such systems are called mesoscopic and have sizes of the order of their characteristic lengths, i.e., λ(T) and ξ(T). In these scales, the vortex dynamics is strongly dominated by confinement effects. In this way, the investigation of their characteristics have fundamental importance for the development and application of these materials effectively. Then, in this work we studied the effect of a transport current flowing through a mesoscopic constriction, which was produced by inserting two defects (normalizing 0<ψ<1 inside the defect) on the opposite edges of the system. The mesoscopic superconducting samples were simulated in the presence of transport currents and applied magnetic fields by solving the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation in its generalized form (GTDGL). At zero applied magnetic field, kinematic vortex-antivortex pairs are formed at the defects and annihilate at the center of the sample. On the other hand, small external magnetic fields produce an asymmetry in the distribution of the superconducting currents. Then, only one kinematic vortex is nucleated in one of the borders of the sample and leaves it by the opposite side. However, before leaves the system, the kinematic vortex experiences a surface barrier effect, which causes a decrease in its velocity. The results obtained were very interesting and has great importance for the scientific area, whereas they were not verified previously.
With the scientific development, the fabrication of materials at nano and sub-micrometer scales become a reality. In theoretical and experimental study of superconducting materials, such systems are called mesoscopic and have sizes of the order of their characteristic lengths, i.e., λ(T) and ξ(T). In these scales, the vortex dynamics is strongly dominated by confinement effects. In this way, the investigation of their characteristics have fundamental importance for the development and application of these materials effectively. Then, in this work we studied the effect of a transport current flowing through a mesoscopic constriction, which was produced by inserting two defects (normalizing 0<ψ<1 inside the defect) on the opposite edges of the system. The mesoscopic superconducting samples were simulated in the presence of transport currents and applied magnetic fields by solving the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation in its generalized form (GTDGL). At zero applied magnetic field, kinematic vortex-antivortex pairs are formed at the defects and annihilate at the center of the sample. On the other hand, small external magnetic fields produce an asymmetry in the distribution of the superconducting currents. Then, only one kinematic vortex is nucleated in one of the borders of the sample and leaves it by the opposite side. However, before leaves the system, the kinematic vortex experiences a surface barrier effect, which causes a decrease in its velocity. The results obtained were very interesting and has great importance for the scientific area, whereas they were not verified previously.
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Palavras-chave
Supercondutores mesoscópicos, Vórtices cinemáticos, Dinâmica de vórtices, GTDGL