Irrigação com água residuária em diferentes diluições e disponibilidade para a cultura do tomate cereja
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Data
2017-07-28
Autores
Sousa, Francielly Guieiro Gomes de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Devido a escassez da água no planeta, são considerados viáveis estudos que buscam alternativas para economia e melhor aproveitamento da água. Sendo assim a utilização da água de reúso para agricultura e o correto manejo da irrigação torna se uma possibilidade para minimizar o problema da falta de água. Perante isso o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentrações e disponibilidades de águas de esgoto doméstica tratado no desenvolvimento e produção do tomate cereja. O cultivo dos tomates foi conduzido na área experimental do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Botucatu, no período de agosto a dezembro de 2015. O sistema de irrigação adotado foi localizado por gotejamento, sendo o manejo baseado no tanque classe A. O delineamento experimental foi em sistema fatorial (5x2) com parcelas subdivididas, onde adotou duas lâminas 70 e 100% da evapotranspiração da cultura, a água para os tratamentos foram, água de abastecimento e água de esgoto doméstico tratado com 4 diluições 25, 50, 75 e 100 de reúso, totalizando 10 tratamentos. As avaliações feitas foram: altura; diâmetro do caule; fitomassa verde e seca; teor relativo de água nas folhas (TRA); potencial de água nas folhas (Ψf); teor de nutrientes nas folhas; teor de nutrientes nos frutos; número de frutos maior e menor que 20 mm de diâmetro transversal, número total de frutos; peso total de frutos. Os dados coletados foram submetidos em análise de variância e as médias ao teste de tukey a 5 % de probabilidade. Os resultados mostraram que tanto as lâminas como as diluições de água de reúso tiveram efeitos significativos sobre os parâmetros agronômicos (altura, diâmetro, Ψf, fitomassa verde e seca, teor de nutrientes) no decorrer do desenvolvimento da cultura, porém para número de frutos, e peso total de frutos, a água de reúso não teve efeito significativo, a influência nesses parâmetros foi com relação as lâminas, plantas irrigadas com 100% da evapotranspiração independente da água utilizada obtiveram melhores produções. Os frutos de todos os tratamentos foram submetidos a análise microbiológica e mostraram que a água de reúso não causou nenhum tipo de contaminação.
Due to the scarcity of water on the planet, studies are considered feasible that seek alternatives for economy and better use of water. Therefore, the use of reuse water for agriculture and the correct management of irrigation makes it possible to minimize the problem of lack of water. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations and availability of treated domestic sewage in the development and production of cherry tomatoes. Tomato cultivation was conducted in the experimental area of the Department of Rural Engineering of the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences of Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus Botucatu, from August to September 2015. The irrigation system was located by dripping, the management based on the tank class A. The experimental design was in a factorial system (5x2) with subdivided plots, where it adopted two slides 70 and 100% of the crop evapotranspiration, the water for the treatments Were water supply and household sewage treated with 4 dilutions 25, 50, 75 and 100 of reuse, totaling 10 treatments. The evaluations were: height; Stem diameter; Green and dry biomass; Relative leaf water content (TRA); Leaf water potential (Ψf); Nutrient content in leaves; Nutrient content in fruits; Number of fruits larger and smaller than 20 mm of transverse diameter, total number of fruits; Total weight of fruits. The data collected were submitted to analysis of variance and the averages of the tukey test at 5% probability. The results showed that both slides and dilutions of reuse water had significant effects on the agronomic parameters (height, diameter, Ψf, green and dry biomass, nutrient content) during the development of the crop, but for number of fruits, And total weight of fruits, the reuse water had no significant effect, the influence in these parameters was with respect to the slides, plants irrigated with 100% of evapotranspiration independent of the water used obtained better yields. The fruits of all treatments were submitted to microbiological analysis and showed that the reuse water didn’t cause any type of contamination.
Due to the scarcity of water on the planet, studies are considered feasible that seek alternatives for economy and better use of water. Therefore, the use of reuse water for agriculture and the correct management of irrigation makes it possible to minimize the problem of lack of water. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations and availability of treated domestic sewage in the development and production of cherry tomatoes. Tomato cultivation was conducted in the experimental area of the Department of Rural Engineering of the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences of Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus Botucatu, from August to September 2015. The irrigation system was located by dripping, the management based on the tank class A. The experimental design was in a factorial system (5x2) with subdivided plots, where it adopted two slides 70 and 100% of the crop evapotranspiration, the water for the treatments Were water supply and household sewage treated with 4 dilutions 25, 50, 75 and 100 of reuse, totaling 10 treatments. The evaluations were: height; Stem diameter; Green and dry biomass; Relative leaf water content (TRA); Leaf water potential (Ψf); Nutrient content in leaves; Nutrient content in fruits; Number of fruits larger and smaller than 20 mm of transverse diameter, total number of fruits; Total weight of fruits. The data collected were submitted to analysis of variance and the averages of the tukey test at 5% probability. The results showed that both slides and dilutions of reuse water had significant effects on the agronomic parameters (height, diameter, Ψf, green and dry biomass, nutrient content) during the development of the crop, but for number of fruits, And total weight of fruits, the reuse water had no significant effect, the influence in these parameters was with respect to the slides, plants irrigated with 100% of evapotranspiration independent of the water used obtained better yields. The fruits of all treatments were submitted to microbiological analysis and showed that the reuse water didn’t cause any type of contamination.
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Palavras-chave
Reuso da água, Manejo da irrigação, Evapotranspiração, Tanque classe A, Disponibilidade hídrica, Lycopersicon esculentum L., Water reuse, Management of irrigation, Evapotraspiration, Tank class A, Water availability