Caracterização do solo do planalto ocidental paulista por espectroscopia de fluorescência de raios X
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Data
2017-07-27
Autores
Costa, Milene Moara Reis [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A agricultura atual necessita de metodologias para determinação de atributos do solo que sejam menos agressivas ao meio ambiente. A espectroscopia de fluorescência de raios X (EFRX) tem sido uma técnica promissora no fornecimento simultâneo de análise quantitativa e elementar da composição do solo. Sobre este aspecto, o presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de caracterizar as classes, geologia e geomorfologia dos solos do Planalto Ocidental Paulista, utilizando EFRX e a técnica multivariada. Foram coletadas 262 amostras de solo na profundidade de 0,0 – 0,2 m, para caracterização química, mineralógica e espectral. As intensidades dos picos dos elementos Si, Al, Fe e Ti dos espectros obtidos pela EFRX relacionaram-se com as classes de solos, formações geológicas e graus de dissecação da paisagem presentes no Planalto Ocidental Paulista. A análise de componentes principais, utilizando os dados obtidos pela EFRX, aliados aos atributos argila, areia, teores de Fe extraídos por ditionito-citrato-bicarbonato de sódio e por oxalato ácido de amônio, permitiu a caracterização das classes de solos, formações geológicas e graus de dissecação da paisagem presentes na região de estudo. A intensidade do pico do Fe apresentou o segundo maior autovetor na caracterização do eixo da componente principal 1, e as intensidade dos picos do Ti e Si apresentaram, respectivamente, o quarto e o quinto maiores autovetores neste eixo.
Current agriculture needs methodologies to determine soil attributes that are less aggressive to the environment. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EFRX) has been a promising technique in providing simultaneous quantitative and elemental analysis of soil composition. The objective of this work was to characterize the classes, geology and geomorphology of the soils of the Western Plateau, using EFRX and the multivariate technique. A total of 262 soil samples were collected at 0.0 - 0.2 m depth for chemical, mineralogical and spectral characterization. The intensities of the peaks of the Si, Al, Fe and Ti elements of the spectra obtained by the EFRX were related to the classes of soils, geological formations and degrees of dissection of the landscape present in the Western Plateau. The main components analysis, using the data obtained by EFRX, allied to the attributes clay, sand, Fe content extracted by dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate sodium and ammonium oxalate, allowed the characterization of the soil classes, geological formations and degrees of dissection of the landscape present in the study region. The intensity of the peak of Fe presented the second largest eigenvector in the characterization of the axis of the main component 1, and the intensity of the peaks of Ti and Si presented, respectively, the fourth and fifth largest eigenvectors on this axis.
Current agriculture needs methodologies to determine soil attributes that are less aggressive to the environment. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EFRX) has been a promising technique in providing simultaneous quantitative and elemental analysis of soil composition. The objective of this work was to characterize the classes, geology and geomorphology of the soils of the Western Plateau, using EFRX and the multivariate technique. A total of 262 soil samples were collected at 0.0 - 0.2 m depth for chemical, mineralogical and spectral characterization. The intensities of the peaks of the Si, Al, Fe and Ti elements of the spectra obtained by the EFRX were related to the classes of soils, geological formations and degrees of dissection of the landscape present in the Western Plateau. The main components analysis, using the data obtained by EFRX, allied to the attributes clay, sand, Fe content extracted by dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate sodium and ammonium oxalate, allowed the characterization of the soil classes, geological formations and degrees of dissection of the landscape present in the study region. The intensity of the peak of Fe presented the second largest eigenvector in the characterization of the axis of the main component 1, and the intensity of the peaks of Ti and Si presented, respectively, the fourth and fifth largest eigenvectors on this axis.
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Palavras-chave
Geomorfologia, Pedogênese, Geoquímica, Geomorphology, Pedogenesis, Geochemistry