Gastronomismos nas Expressões Idiomáticas do português do Brasil e seus correspondentes em francês da França
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2017-09-04
Autores
Seco, Mariele [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta pesquisa volta-se ao estudo dos aspectos culturais presentes nas expressões idiomáticas relacionadas a gastronomismos (EIGs) em português do Brasil. Correspondentes idiomáticos em francês da França são sugeridos para essas expressões constituídas por nomes de alimentos, com o fim de evidenciar que, por vezes, as diferentes culturas conferem ao léxico valores particulares a um povo, as chamadas cargas culturais partilhadas (CCPs), conceito criado por Galisson (1988). As expressões idiomáticas (EIs), entendidas como lexias complexas, indecomponíveis, conotativas e cristalizadas em um idioma pela tradição cultural (XATARA, 1998), podem gerar dificuldades na intercompreensão dos estrangeiros que não partilham de uma mesma cultura e, portanto, que não reconhecem suas referências extralinguísticas. Com isso, defende-se a difusão dos aspectos e das cargas culturais que essas expressões encerram em dicionários especiais bilíngues para aprendizes de língua estrangeira, que sejam úteis também para tradutores e demais consulentes. A hipótese delineada é a de que, uma vez que a cultura se revela nessas estruturas, cada povo apresenta um repertório específico de EIs, baseado em suas visões de mundo e, como consequência, as EIs correspondentes em outras línguas apresentariam diferenças substanciais na sua constituição e, por vezes, no uso. Contudo, a análise de um inventário de 111 EIGs em português do Brasil e 100 correspondentes idiomáticos em francês da França, resulta que, ao contrário do que se pensava, muitas EIs correspondentes apresentam semelhanças sintáticas e semânticas, fazendo uso, algumas vezes, dos mesmos referentes, porém, sustenta-se que as diferenças culturais ainda podem ser percebidas. Muitas vezes, ainda que o referente seja o mesmo, a CCP varia de uma língua para outra, podendo gerar incompreensão ou mal-entendidos quanto à significação das EIs. Para realização deste estudo, um banco de dados, o BD-CULTEIG, constituiu-se em uma primeira etapa, a fim de gerar um produto fraseográfico de caráter cultural, centrado nas expressões idiomáticas relacionadas a gastronomismos. A proposta do banco de dados não visa criar tão somente uma ferramenta de tradução, mas uma obra que auxilie na compreensão das EIs, com suporte à compreensão da cultura do outro, possibilitando sanar possíveis dúvidas quanto ao uso adequado dessas estruturas. Nele estão contidas as 111 EIGs do português do Brasil e 100 correspondentes em francês da França, seguidas de EIs sinônimas e variantes nas duas línguas, definição, exemplos-ocorrências coletados na web como corpus (Kilgarriff e Greffenstette, 2003), aspectos culturais e outras observações, que consistem em informações, quando necessárias, acerca do conteúdo semântico e uso dos idiomatismos.
This research is oriented to the study of cultural aspects contained in idioms related to gastronomy (EIGs) in Brazilian Portuguese. Idiomatic correspondences in French of France are suggested for these expressions composed by food names to highlight that, at times, different cultures give the lexicon particular values to a people, the so-called shared cultural content (CCPs), a concept created by Galisson (1988). Idioms (EIs), understood as complex lexias, indecomposable, connotative and crystallized in a language by cultural tradition (XATARA, 1998), can generate difficulty in inter-comprehension among foreigners that don’t share the same culture and therefore don’t recognize their extralinguistic references. Thereby, we defend the dissemination of aspects and cultural heritage that these expressions enclose in special bilingual dictionaries for foreign language learners, that can also be useful for translators and other consultants. The outlined hypothesis is that once the culture reveals itself in these structures, each people presents a specific repertoire of idioms, based on their perception of the world and, as consequence, the correspondent idioms in other languages would present substantial differences in their constitution and, at times, in their usage. However, the analysis of an inventory composed by 111 gastronomy idioms in Brazilian Portuguese and 100 idiomatic correspondences in French of France, contrary to what was thought, results that a lot of idioms present syntactic and semantic similarities, using sometimes the same references, but with cultural differences that can still be noticed. Many times, even if the reference is the same, the shared cultural content varies from a language to another and can result in incomprehension or misunderstandings concerning the meanings of the idioms. To perform this study, a database, the BD-CULTEIG, was constituted in a first phase to generate a phrase product with cultural character, centered in idioms related to gastronomy. The proposal of the database is not only to create a translation tool but a work that helps understanding idioms, with support for comprehension of other cultures, allowing it to answer any doubts related to the appropriate use of these structures. It contains the 111 idioms in Brazilian Portuguese and 100 correspondences in French of France, followed by synonyms and variant idioms in both languages, definition, examples of occurrence collected on the web as corpus (Kilgarriff e Greffenstette, 2003), cultural aspects and other observations consisting of information, when needed, about the semantic content and idioms usage.
This research is oriented to the study of cultural aspects contained in idioms related to gastronomy (EIGs) in Brazilian Portuguese. Idiomatic correspondences in French of France are suggested for these expressions composed by food names to highlight that, at times, different cultures give the lexicon particular values to a people, the so-called shared cultural content (CCPs), a concept created by Galisson (1988). Idioms (EIs), understood as complex lexias, indecomposable, connotative and crystallized in a language by cultural tradition (XATARA, 1998), can generate difficulty in inter-comprehension among foreigners that don’t share the same culture and therefore don’t recognize their extralinguistic references. Thereby, we defend the dissemination of aspects and cultural heritage that these expressions enclose in special bilingual dictionaries for foreign language learners, that can also be useful for translators and other consultants. The outlined hypothesis is that once the culture reveals itself in these structures, each people presents a specific repertoire of idioms, based on their perception of the world and, as consequence, the correspondent idioms in other languages would present substantial differences in their constitution and, at times, in their usage. However, the analysis of an inventory composed by 111 gastronomy idioms in Brazilian Portuguese and 100 idiomatic correspondences in French of France, contrary to what was thought, results that a lot of idioms present syntactic and semantic similarities, using sometimes the same references, but with cultural differences that can still be noticed. Many times, even if the reference is the same, the shared cultural content varies from a language to another and can result in incomprehension or misunderstandings concerning the meanings of the idioms. To perform this study, a database, the BD-CULTEIG, was constituted in a first phase to generate a phrase product with cultural character, centered in idioms related to gastronomy. The proposal of the database is not only to create a translation tool but a work that helps understanding idioms, with support for comprehension of other cultures, allowing it to answer any doubts related to the appropriate use of these structures. It contains the 111 idioms in Brazilian Portuguese and 100 correspondences in French of France, followed by synonyms and variant idioms in both languages, definition, examples of occurrence collected on the web as corpus (Kilgarriff e Greffenstette, 2003), cultural aspects and other observations consisting of information, when needed, about the semantic content and idioms usage.
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Expressões Idiomáticas (EIs), gastronomismo, português do Brasil (PB), francês da França (FF), carga cultural partilhada (CCP), Idioms, gastronomy, Brazilian Portuguese, French of France, shared cultural content