Variabilidade da frequência cardíaca de crianças obesas na condição de repouso e após mudança postural ativa
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Data
2017-04-10
Autores
Froio, Juliana Lôbo [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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Objetivo: investigar a influência da obesidade na modulação autonômica parassimpática e simpática da FC de crianças, nas condições de repouso e da MPA, e também as relações da obesidade com alterações no exame de sangue em jejum e índices antropométricos. Materiais e métodos: Foram estudados dois grupos, um de 23 crianças obesas (percentil do IMC igual ou maior que 97) e outro de 23 eutróficas (percentil igual ou menor que 85), confirmados pela avaliação antropométrica, cada grupo com 23 indivíduos. Exames laboratoriais de sangue foram classificados. A FC e os intervalos R-R (iR-R) instantâneos foram registrados em repouso com respiração espontânea, em decúbito dorsal por quinze minutos e analisados os índices temporais, espectrais e simbólicos. Após o tempo de coleta na postura anterior, o indivíduo ficou em pé ativamente e permaneceu assim por mais cinco minutos. A pressão arterial foi medida na postura decúbito dorsal e entre 90o e 120o segundos na postura em pé. Os ajustes da mudança postural ativa (MPA) foram analisados calculando-se a razão entre o maior valor do iR-R entre o 20º e o 40º batimento e o menor entre o 5º e o 20º batimentos obtidos na postura em pé (EWING, 1985) e a diferença entre os valores de pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) aferidos nas duas posturas. Resultados: Os principais achados nas análises de repouso referem-se ao fato de as medidas de obesidade global e abdominal estarem relacionadas negativamente com a bioquímica sanguínea e com os índices simbólicos de VFC. Já em relação à MPA, observou-se que a razão iR-R e a variação da PAS foram similares entre os grupos e não se correlacionam com as medidas antropométricas e bioquímicas, entretanto, podem estar associadas às diferenças nos mecanismos autonômicos. Considerações finais: Na condição de repouso, as crianças obesas apresentam menor complexidade na modulação da FC e essa alteração está relacionada tanto à obesidade global, quanto abdominal. Em relação aos ajustes à MPA, a magnitude das respostas da FC e da PAS dos obesos é similar aos eutróficos e não está associada significativamente com as medidas antropométricas e bioquímicas. Entretanto, as respostas da FC, na condição testada, sofrem efeitos da modulação parassimpática, apesar de explicar apenas parcialmente esses ajustes. E a variação da PAS correlaciona-se positivamente com a modulação parassimpática e negativamente com modulação simpática e o balanço simpatovagal.
Objective: to investigate the influence of obesity on the parasympathetic and sympathetic autonomic modulation of the HR of children, in the resting conditions and the MPA, as well as the relationships of obesity with changes in fasting blood test and anthropometric indices. Materials and methods: Two groups were studied, one of 23 obese children (BMI percentile equal to or greater than 97) and one of 23 eutrophic (percentile equal to or less than 85), confirmed by the anthropometric evaluation, each group with 23 individuals. Blood laboratory tests were classified. The HR and the instantaneous R-R (iR-R) intervals were recorded at rest with spontaneous breathing, in dorsal decubitus for fifteen minutes and the temporal, spectral and symbolic indices analyzed. After the collection time in the previous posture, the individual stood up actively and remained so for another five minutes. Blood pressure was measured in the dorsal decubitus position and between 90o and 120o seconds in standing posture. The adjustments of the active postural change (MPA) were analyzed by calculating the ratio between the highest value of the iR-R between the 20 th and 40 th beats and the lowest between the 5th and the 20th beats obtained in standing posture (EWING, 1985) And the difference between the values of systolic blood pressure (SBP) measured in both positions. Results: The main findings in the rest analyzes refer to the fact that the measures of global and abdominal obesity are negatively related to the blood biochemistry and to the symbolic indexes of HRV. Regarding MPA, it was observed that the iR-R ratio and the SBP variation were similar between the groups and did not correlate with the anthropometric and biochemical measures, however, they may be associated with the differences in the autonomic mechanisms. Conclusion: In the resting condition, obese children present a lower complexity in HR modulation and this alteration is related to both global and abdominal obesity. Regarding adjustments to MPA, the magnitude of the HR and SBP responses of obese individuals is similar to eutrophic and is not significantly associated with anthropometric and biochemical measures. However, the HR responses, under the condition tested, suffer effects of the parasympathetic modulation, although only partially explain these adjustments. And the variation of SBP correlates positively with the parasympathetic modulation and negatively with sympathetic modulation and the sympatovagal balance.
Objective: to investigate the influence of obesity on the parasympathetic and sympathetic autonomic modulation of the HR of children, in the resting conditions and the MPA, as well as the relationships of obesity with changes in fasting blood test and anthropometric indices. Materials and methods: Two groups were studied, one of 23 obese children (BMI percentile equal to or greater than 97) and one of 23 eutrophic (percentile equal to or less than 85), confirmed by the anthropometric evaluation, each group with 23 individuals. Blood laboratory tests were classified. The HR and the instantaneous R-R (iR-R) intervals were recorded at rest with spontaneous breathing, in dorsal decubitus for fifteen minutes and the temporal, spectral and symbolic indices analyzed. After the collection time in the previous posture, the individual stood up actively and remained so for another five minutes. Blood pressure was measured in the dorsal decubitus position and between 90o and 120o seconds in standing posture. The adjustments of the active postural change (MPA) were analyzed by calculating the ratio between the highest value of the iR-R between the 20 th and 40 th beats and the lowest between the 5th and the 20th beats obtained in standing posture (EWING, 1985) And the difference between the values of systolic blood pressure (SBP) measured in both positions. Results: The main findings in the rest analyzes refer to the fact that the measures of global and abdominal obesity are negatively related to the blood biochemistry and to the symbolic indexes of HRV. Regarding MPA, it was observed that the iR-R ratio and the SBP variation were similar between the groups and did not correlate with the anthropometric and biochemical measures, however, they may be associated with the differences in the autonomic mechanisms. Conclusion: In the resting condition, obese children present a lower complexity in HR modulation and this alteration is related to both global and abdominal obesity. Regarding adjustments to MPA, the magnitude of the HR and SBP responses of obese individuals is similar to eutrophic and is not significantly associated with anthropometric and biochemical measures. However, the HR responses, under the condition tested, suffer effects of the parasympathetic modulation, although only partially explain these adjustments. And the variation of SBP correlates positively with the parasympathetic modulation and negatively with sympathetic modulation and the sympatovagal balance.
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Palavras-chave
Frequência cardíaca, Obesidade infantil, Sistema nervoso autônomo, Heart rate, Pediatric obesity, Autonomic nervous system