Efeito da sazonalidade na dinâmica populacional de helmíntos gastrintestinais e susceptibilidade em equinos à pasto
Arquivos
Data
2016-12-19
Autores
Saes, Isabela de Lima [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Infecções parasitárias são extremamente importantes em equinos, devido aos prejuízos causados, e tendem a acometê-los durante toda a vida do animal. No entanto, a prevalência de helmintos pode aumentar ou diminuir, nas dependências de fatores climáticos ou susceptibilidade do hospedeiro. Diante disso, avaliou-se a dinâmica sazonal da infecção helmíntica em equinos mantidos a pasto, a influência das diferentes características climáticas das estações do ano sobre o grau de verminose, a susceptibilidade individual e por categoria e identificar as épocas e as categorias de equinos com maior incidência de helmintoses. Foi utilizado um rebanho com 104 equinos, mestiços, classificados em diferentes categorias. Foram realizadas coletas individuais de fezes a cada 28 dias para a contagem de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) e coproculturas para identificação de larvas. Também foram realizadas coletas de sangue para analisar possíveis alterações no hemograma dos animais associados à infecção helmíntica. Todos os animais foram pesados individualmente a cada coleta, e avaliado o escore de condição corporal, juntamente com uma avaliação clínica dos animais. Diariamente foram aferidas as temperaturas média, umidade do ar e precipitação na propriedade. Foram calculadas e apresentadas estatísticas descritivas das variáveis observadas e sua variação sequencial no tempo visando avaliar a dinâmica populacional de helmintos em equinos a pasto. As categorias que mais foram acometidas pelos helmintos foram os potros e os idosos, apresentando médias 1271,9 e 1186,5 de OPG, respectivamente. As médias de OPG encontradas nas estações da primavera, verão, outono e inverno foram, respectivamente, 1042,1; 1508,9; 817,8 e 571,1, onde todas as médias diferem significativamente entre si. Na avaliação da condição corporal foi possível observar que os animais idosos foram os que apresentaram menor ECC em todas as estações: primavera, verão, outono e inverno, sendo observado escore 3,83; 3,68; 3,56 e 3,14, respectivamente. Os resultados das coproculturas mostraram que 100% dos helmintos gastrintestinais encontrados eram da família dos pequenos estrôngilos, os Ciatostomíneos. Não foram encontradas muitas alterações nos exames hematológicos dos animais e, a maioria deles não manifestou qualquer tipo de sinais clínicos associado à doença parasitária. Foi possível concluir que a estação que os animais mais são acometidos pela verminose é no verão e que as categorias mais susceptíveis à infecção helmíntica são os potros e os animais idosos.
Parasitic infections are extremely important in horses due to the damages caused, and tend to afflict them throughout the life of the animal. However, the prevalence of helminths may increase or decrease, in the premises of climatic factors and host susceptibility. Therefore, we evaluated the seasonal dynamics of helminth infection in horses kept at pasture. a herd was used with 104 crossbred horses, classified into different categories according to age and sex. Individual fecal samples were taken every 28 days for the eggs per gram of feces (OPG) and stool cultures for identification of larvae. Also blood samples were taken to analyze possible changes in the blood count of the animals associated with helminth infection. All animals were weighed individually every collection, and rated the body condition score, along with a clinical evaluation of the animals. Daily average temperatures were measured the, humidity and rainfall on the property. Descriptive statistics of the observed variables were calculated and presented and their sequential variation in time to evaluate the population dynamics of helminths in horses grazing. The categories that were most affected by helminths were foals and elderly, with averages of OPG 1271.9 and 1186.5, respectively. The average OPG found in spring seasons, summer, autumn and winter were respectively 1042.1; 1508.9; 817.8 and 571.1, which all means differ significantly. In the evaluation of body condition was observed that the aged animals showed the lowest ECC in all seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter, being observed score 3.83; 3.68; 3.56 and 3.14, respectively. The results of stool cultures showed that 100% of gastrointestinal helminths were found family of small strongyles the Ciatostomíneos. There were no changes in blood tests of animals and most of them did not show any clinical signs associated with the parasitic disease. It was concluded that the station that animals are more affected by worms is in the summer and that the most likely categories to helminth infection are younger foals and older animals.
Parasitic infections are extremely important in horses due to the damages caused, and tend to afflict them throughout the life of the animal. However, the prevalence of helminths may increase or decrease, in the premises of climatic factors and host susceptibility. Therefore, we evaluated the seasonal dynamics of helminth infection in horses kept at pasture. a herd was used with 104 crossbred horses, classified into different categories according to age and sex. Individual fecal samples were taken every 28 days for the eggs per gram of feces (OPG) and stool cultures for identification of larvae. Also blood samples were taken to analyze possible changes in the blood count of the animals associated with helminth infection. All animals were weighed individually every collection, and rated the body condition score, along with a clinical evaluation of the animals. Daily average temperatures were measured the, humidity and rainfall on the property. Descriptive statistics of the observed variables were calculated and presented and their sequential variation in time to evaluate the population dynamics of helminths in horses grazing. The categories that were most affected by helminths were foals and elderly, with averages of OPG 1271.9 and 1186.5, respectively. The average OPG found in spring seasons, summer, autumn and winter were respectively 1042.1; 1508.9; 817.8 and 571.1, which all means differ significantly. In the evaluation of body condition was observed that the aged animals showed the lowest ECC in all seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter, being observed score 3.83; 3.68; 3.56 and 3.14, respectively. The results of stool cultures showed that 100% of gastrointestinal helminths were found family of small strongyles the Ciatostomíneos. There were no changes in blood tests of animals and most of them did not show any clinical signs associated with the parasitic disease. It was concluded that the station that animals are more affected by worms is in the summer and that the most likely categories to helminth infection are younger foals and older animals.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Equídeos, Imunidade, Nematódeos, Sazonal, Equines, Immunity, Nematodes, Seasonal