Política de avaliação externa e em larga escala: o olhar do sujeito professor da rede municipal de Presidente Prudente
Arquivos
Data
2017-08-25
Autores
Santos, Uillians Eduardo [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente dissertação, desenvolvida junto ao Programa de Pós Graduação em Educação da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia/ Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCT/UNESP), encontra-se vinculada à linha de pesquisa “Formação dos Profissionais da Educação, Políticas Educativas e Escola Pública”, teve como objeto de análise as percepções dos docentes de uma escola municipal acerca de avaliações externas e em larga escala. O atual cenário da avaliação em nosso país tem suscitado vários debates entre especialistas, educadores e gestores com o objetivo de se buscar resultados que possam nortear as políticas educacionais. Tais debates apresentam discussões e análises sobre diversos tipos de avaliação: institucional, da aprendizagem, avaliação externa, em larga escala, entre outros. Nessa pesquisa, nosso foco foram as percepções dos professores acerca avaliações externas e em larga escala. O objetivo geral dessa pesquisa foi investigar e analisar como as avaliações externas e em larga escala são compreendidas pelos docentes e suas possíveis repercussões na orientação da organização do trabalho pedagógico em sala de aula, passando pela análise das percepções sobre avaliação externa e em larga escala dos docentes, com reflexão dos seus posicionamentos diante dessas, além de identificar as principais práticas docentes advindas dessas avaliações. Para isso, realizamos, em uma abordagem qualitativa, pesquisa bibliográfica, realização, transcrição e análise de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Na pesquisa bibliográfica, fizemos levantamento e análise de dissertações, teses, artigos, livros e trabalhos científicos que tinham as avaliações externas e em larga escala como objeto de estudo. Na pesquisa documental, analisamos documentos produzidos pelo Ministério da Educação, pela Secretaria Estadual de Educação de São Paulo e Municipal de Presidente Prudente, com o intuito de traçar um panorama histórico acerca dessas avaliações, assim como de identificar as concepções e pressupostos delas ao longo de suas quase três décadas de existência. Para a coleta de dados realizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas com nove docentes de uma escola municipal de Presidente Prudente, que atende alunos da pré-escola até o quinto ano do ensino fundamental. Os resultados da pesquisa indicaram que essas avaliações não têm permeados processos de formação condizente com a política de avaliação externa e em larga. Outra implicação trazida para os professores são: alterar sua metodologia de ensino e buscar outras práticas paralelas com o que está determinado em seus planos de ensino, mesmo sem orientações pedagógicas externas, não há uma análise coletiva dos resultados dessas avaliações. Identificamos, ainda, que essas avaliações têm trazido práticas antidemocráticas para a sala de aula: estreitamento curricular, pressão sobre o desempenho dos alunos e a preparação para os testes, precarização da formação do professor e destruição moral do professor e do aluno, mesmo que identificada de forma bem simbólica, em nossa pesquisa.
The present dissertation, developed with the Graduate Program in Education of the Faculty of Science and Technology / Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCT / UNESP), is linked to the research line "Training of Education Professionals, Educational Policies and Public School" , Had as an object of analysis the perceptions of the teachers of a municipal school about external evaluations and in large scale. The current scenario of evaluation in our country has aroused several debates among specialists, educators and managers with the aim of seeking results that may guide educational policies. These debates present discussions and analyzes on various types of evaluation: institutional, learning, external evaluation, large scale, among others. In this research, our focus was external and large-scale evaluations. The general objective of this research was to investigate and analyze how external and large-scale evaluations are understood by teachers and their possible repercussions on the orientation of the organization of the pedagogical work in the classroom, through the analysis of the perceptions about external and large-scale evaluation of the with reflection of their positions before them, as well as identifying the main teaching practices coming from these assessments. Given this, having as a methodological reference a qualitative approach, undertaking bibliographical and documentary research. In the bibliographic research, we made a survey and analysis of dissertations, theses, articles, books and scientific works that had the external evaluations and in large scale as object of study. In documentary research, we analyze documents produced by the Ministry of Education, the State Department of Education of São Paulo and Municipal of Presidente Prudente, in order to draw a historical panorama about these evaluations, as well as to identify their conceptions and assumptions throughout Its almost three decades of existence. For the data collection, we conducted semi-structured interviews with nine teachers from a municipal school in Presidente Prudente, which serves students from the preschool to the fifth year of elementary school. The analysis of the data was made based on the theoretical framework adopted, based on the elaboration of categories of analysis. The results of the research indicated that these evaluations do not permeate training processes in line with the external evaluation policy and, as has been the case, for example, in the public schools of the São Paulo state education network, these evaluations imply that teachers In changing their teaching methodology and seeking other practices parallel to what is determined in their teaching plans, even without external pedagogical guidelines, there is no collective analysis of the results of these assessments. We also identify that these evaluations have brought some practices, criticized by several authors in the area: curriculum narrowing, pressure on student performance and preparation for tests, precarious teacher training and moral destruction of teacher and student, even if identified In a very symbolic way, in our research.
The present dissertation, developed with the Graduate Program in Education of the Faculty of Science and Technology / Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCT / UNESP), is linked to the research line "Training of Education Professionals, Educational Policies and Public School" , Had as an object of analysis the perceptions of the teachers of a municipal school about external evaluations and in large scale. The current scenario of evaluation in our country has aroused several debates among specialists, educators and managers with the aim of seeking results that may guide educational policies. These debates present discussions and analyzes on various types of evaluation: institutional, learning, external evaluation, large scale, among others. In this research, our focus was external and large-scale evaluations. The general objective of this research was to investigate and analyze how external and large-scale evaluations are understood by teachers and their possible repercussions on the orientation of the organization of the pedagogical work in the classroom, through the analysis of the perceptions about external and large-scale evaluation of the with reflection of their positions before them, as well as identifying the main teaching practices coming from these assessments. Given this, having as a methodological reference a qualitative approach, undertaking bibliographical and documentary research. In the bibliographic research, we made a survey and analysis of dissertations, theses, articles, books and scientific works that had the external evaluations and in large scale as object of study. In documentary research, we analyze documents produced by the Ministry of Education, the State Department of Education of São Paulo and Municipal of Presidente Prudente, in order to draw a historical panorama about these evaluations, as well as to identify their conceptions and assumptions throughout Its almost three decades of existence. For the data collection, we conducted semi-structured interviews with nine teachers from a municipal school in Presidente Prudente, which serves students from the preschool to the fifth year of elementary school. The analysis of the data was made based on the theoretical framework adopted, based on the elaboration of categories of analysis. The results of the research indicated that these evaluations do not permeate training processes in line with the external evaluation policy and, as has been the case, for example, in the public schools of the São Paulo state education network, these evaluations imply that teachers In changing their teaching methodology and seeking other practices parallel to what is determined in their teaching plans, even without external pedagogical guidelines, there is no collective analysis of the results of these assessments. We also identify that these evaluations have brought some practices, criticized by several authors in the area: curriculum narrowing, pressure on student performance and preparation for tests, precarious teacher training and moral destruction of teacher and student, even if identified In a very symbolic way, in our research.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Política de Avaliação em larga escala, Docentes, Rede municipal de Presidente Prudente, Evaluation policy on a large scale, Teachers, Municipal network of Presidente Prudente