Avaliação e qualidade educacional: a voz de diretores de escolas de ensino fundamental de um município do estado de São Paulo
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Data
2017-08-21
Autores
Battistella, Josiela Zutin [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A perspectiva de estudar sobre temática relacionada com superação de fracasso escolar e de práticas classificatórias e excludentes, moveu o presente estudo. Tomamos a voz de diretores de escolas com atendimento aos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, como objeto de estudo. Avaliação e qualidade educacional foi a temática alvo da pesquisa. Adotada abordagem qualitativa, a coleta de dados decorreu de entrevistas semi-estruturadas envolvendo 32 participantes. Numa perspectiva crítica sobre o papel político da avaliação, lançamos mão da análise de conteúdo para tratamento dos dados. A questão norteadora da investigação foi, dada à relevância do tema avaliação, entender como os elementos e aspectos que a compreendem repercutem e se relacionam com a qualidade educacional, segundo diretores de escola num município do interior paulista. Algumas falas problematizaram avaliação externa, o equivalente a 59% delas; as quais pronunciaram que seus resultados não retratam todo trabalho que é desenvolvido com o aluno. A análise dos dados revelou ainda que, mesmo com certa fragilidade em relação às argumentações, esses diretores reconheceram a insuficiência de se tomar índices, decorrentes de avaliações externas, como único pressuposto da qualidade na educação, em detrimento aos 22% que não apresentaram as mesmas ideias, e outros 18% que se manifestaram indecisos. Desta forma, enunciamos a importância de se recolocar a discussão sobre os resultados das avaliações externas, conjuntamente às outras possibilidades e formas de avaliação para que, de fato, efetivemos a qualidade da educação e o direito à formação humana.
The perspective of studying the subject related to overcoming school failure and classifying and excluding practices (Vasconcellos, 2013a), moved the present study. We took the voice of school principals attending the initial years of elementary school as an object of study and evaluation and educational quality was the subject of the research. We adopted a qualitative approach, basing the data collection on semi-structured interviews involving 32 participants. In a critical perspective on the political role of evaluation, we use content analysis to process the data. The guiding question of the investigation was, given the relevance of the theme “evaluation”, understanding how the elements and aspects that comprise it reflect and relate to the educational quality, according to school principals in a city in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil. Some statements problematized external evaluation (equivalent to 59%) of them, affirming that their results do not depict all the work that is developed with the student. The analysis of the data also revealed that, even though they were fragile regarding the arguments, these principals acknowledged the insufficiency of taking indices, derived from external evaluations, as the only assumption of quality in education, to the detriment of the 22% who did not present the same ideas, and another 18% who remained undecided. Thus, we enunciate the importance of reinstating the discussion about the results of external evaluations, together with the other possibilities and forms of evaluation, in order to, actually, achieve quality in education and the right to human formation.
The perspective of studying the subject related to overcoming school failure and classifying and excluding practices (Vasconcellos, 2013a), moved the present study. We took the voice of school principals attending the initial years of elementary school as an object of study and evaluation and educational quality was the subject of the research. We adopted a qualitative approach, basing the data collection on semi-structured interviews involving 32 participants. In a critical perspective on the political role of evaluation, we use content analysis to process the data. The guiding question of the investigation was, given the relevance of the theme “evaluation”, understanding how the elements and aspects that comprise it reflect and relate to the educational quality, according to school principals in a city in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil. Some statements problematized external evaluation (equivalent to 59%) of them, affirming that their results do not depict all the work that is developed with the student. The analysis of the data also revealed that, even though they were fragile regarding the arguments, these principals acknowledged the insufficiency of taking indices, derived from external evaluations, as the only assumption of quality in education, to the detriment of the 22% who did not present the same ideas, and another 18% who remained undecided. Thus, we enunciate the importance of reinstating the discussion about the results of external evaluations, together with the other possibilities and forms of evaluation, in order to, actually, achieve quality in education and the right to human formation.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Avaliação educacional, Avaliação externa, Qualidade educacional, Política educacional, Ensino fundamental, Educational assessment, External evaluation, Educational quality, Educational policy, Elementary school