Infâncias em uma Casa Lar: experiências de crianças e jovens no processo de acolhimento institucional
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Data
2017-09-27
Autores
Kemmelmeier, Verônica Suzuki [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente tese buscou compreender quais os sentidos produzidos sobre a infância e o processo de acolhimento institucional de crianças acolhidas institucionalmente numa cidade no interior do Paraná. A metodologia consistiu em acompanhar o cotidiano de crianças e adolescentes por meio do método cartográfico, que busca acompanhar e realizar a leitura dos campos de força e sentidos existentes entre os atores da pesquisa. A partir do conhecimento do cotidiano da casa lar, chegou-se a eixos de análise que trataram: a) das relações entre disciplina e afetos; b) sobre os sentimentos que atravessam as relações na Casa Lar; c) das perspectivas para o futuro e para a saída da Casa Lar d) a dimensão do direito a história no processo de acolhimento. Como considerações finais, percebe-se que no processo de acolhimento institucional estão presentes dois modos de significar a infância, que estão em constante conflito e diálogo: uma significada pelas pessoas ao redor que pensam e tratam as crianças de acordo com a visão delas (infância pensada e vivida pela Casa Lar), que é a infância sofrida, abandonada, marcada pelo abandono e violência, e a infância vivida e narrada pelos moradores da Casa Lar. A maneira que a instituição tem de enxergar a infância se reflete na maneira como ela trata as crianças e jovens: são crianças de uma classe social baixa, que carregam o estigma de serem de famílias pouco convencionais, vasculhadas e acompanhadas pelos mais diversos tipos de dispositivos de controle social, dentro e fora do sistema de acolhimento institucional. No entanto, as crianças e adolescentes encontram meios e aproveitam as brechas da instituição para se afirmarem como sujeitos que pensam, fazem, sentem e têm projetos. Subvertem normas da equipe técnica, demonstrando ironia, sarcasmo nas relações com os adultos, afirmando um lugar de provisoriedade, insatisfação e não vitimista. Seus discursos são marcados pelo tempo de que estão ali apenas de passagem, que a Casa Lar não é permanente, é sempre um estado de mudança.
The present thesis attempted to understand the implications generated on childhood and the process of institutional host of children and institutionally accepted in a city of the interior of Paraná. The methodology consisted of monitoring children and adolescent's daily life with the use of cartographic method. Starting from the facts(data) of the nursing home daily life, we ended up to analysis axes that dealt about: a)the relationship between discipline and affection; b)the feelings that interweave relationships in Casa Lar; c)the prospects for the future and leaving of Casa Lar; d) the extent to right to history in the reception( hosting) process. As a final consideration, two approaches to represent infancy which are in constant conflict and dialogue in the process of institutional protection are evident. The first one is signified by the people around them that consider and deal with the children according to their perception; that is , a suffered and abandoned childhood marked by neglect and violence. The second one is childhood experienced and narrated by the people (inhabitants) of Casa Lar. The way the institution perceives childhood is reflected in the way it treats children and young people. They are low social class children who carry the stigma of being from poorly structured families, scrutinized and violated by social control devices when they are out of the institutional reception (hosting) system. However, children and adolescents find means and take advantages of the breaches of the institution to assert themselves as subjects who think, do, feel and have projects(plans).They subvert principles of the technical team, showing irony and sarcasm in relation to adults , asserting a transitional and dissatisfaction position and not of a victimizer. Their talks (discourses) are marked by the period they are just passing through; that is, that Casa Lar is not permanent, but a state of change
The present thesis attempted to understand the implications generated on childhood and the process of institutional host of children and institutionally accepted in a city of the interior of Paraná. The methodology consisted of monitoring children and adolescent's daily life with the use of cartographic method. Starting from the facts(data) of the nursing home daily life, we ended up to analysis axes that dealt about: a)the relationship between discipline and affection; b)the feelings that interweave relationships in Casa Lar; c)the prospects for the future and leaving of Casa Lar; d) the extent to right to history in the reception( hosting) process. As a final consideration, two approaches to represent infancy which are in constant conflict and dialogue in the process of institutional protection are evident. The first one is signified by the people around them that consider and deal with the children according to their perception; that is , a suffered and abandoned childhood marked by neglect and violence. The second one is childhood experienced and narrated by the people (inhabitants) of Casa Lar. The way the institution perceives childhood is reflected in the way it treats children and young people. They are low social class children who carry the stigma of being from poorly structured families, scrutinized and violated by social control devices when they are out of the institutional reception (hosting) system. However, children and adolescents find means and take advantages of the breaches of the institution to assert themselves as subjects who think, do, feel and have projects(plans).They subvert principles of the technical team, showing irony and sarcasm in relation to adults , asserting a transitional and dissatisfaction position and not of a victimizer. Their talks (discourses) are marked by the period they are just passing through; that is, that Casa Lar is not permanent, but a state of change
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Palavras-chave
Infância, Acolhimento Institucional, Crianças, Adolescentes, Childhood