Aplicação foliar de zinco na biofortificação de rúcula
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Data
2017-10-11
Autores
Rugeles Reyes, Sergio Manuel
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A deficiência de zinco atinge um terço da população mundial e uma estratégia para solucionar essa problemática é a biofortificação agronômica de hortaliças. A rúcula tem ganhado notoriedade nos últimos anos devido às suas propriedades nutricionais e boa aceitação pelos consumidores. Em razão do incremento no seu consumo, torna-se uma hortaliça folhosa com alto potencial para estudos de biofortificação agronômica com zinco, porém, ainda são poucas as pesquisas feitas a respeito. Assim, em um solo com alto teor do micronutriente, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de aplicações foliares de zinco, em diferentes épocas, sobre parâmetros fisiológicos, produtivos e nutricionais de rúcula ‘Folha larga’, visando à biofortificação agronômica. O experimento foi instalado na UNESP, câmpus Jaboticabal e foram avaliados dois fatores: dose de Zn (0,5; 1 e 1,5 kg ha-1 de Zn) e épocas de aplicação (15 dias após a emergência - DAE, 20 DAE, 25 DAE, 15 e 20 DAE e 15, 20 e 25 DAE) mais um controle, que não recebeu aplicação de zinco. Observou-se que não houve efeito dos fatores nem da interação nas variáveis fisiológicas, assim como na altura, área foliar e massa fresca da parte aérea. Doses de Zn afetaram os teores de N, Mn e P, enquanto para Cu e Fe não foram encontrados efeitos significativos. Verificou-se que com aplicação de 1,5 kg ha-1 de Zn, feita aos 25 DAE, obteve-se maior teor de Zn nas folhas de rúcula, representando incremento de 279% em relação ao controle, denotando a efetividade de aplicações foliares de zinco como estratégia de biofortificação em rúcula.
Zinc deficiency affects a third of the world population and a strategy to solve this problem is agronomic biofortification of vegetables. Arugula has gained importance in recent years due to its nutritional properties and good acceptance by consumers. Due to the increase in its consumption, it becomes a leafy vegetable with high potential for studies of agronomic biofortification with zinc, however, few researches have been done about them. Thus, in a soil with high micronutrient content, the objective was to evaluate the effect of foliar zinc applications, at different times, on physiological, productive and nutritional parameters of 'Broad Leaf' arugula, aiming at agronomic biofortification. The experiment was realized at UNESP, Jaboticabal Campus and two factors were evaluated: Zn dose (0.5, 1 and 1.5 kg ha-1 of Zn) and times of application (15 days after emergence - DAE, 20 DAE, 25 DAE, 15 and 20 DAE, and 15, 20 and 25 DAE) plus one control, which did not receive zinc application. It was observed that there was no effect of the factors or the interaction in the physiological variables, as well as in the height, leaf area and fresh mass of the aerial part. Doses of Zn affected the contents of N, Mn and P, whereas for Cu and Fe no significant effects were found. It was verified that with the application of 1.5 kg ha-1 of Zn, realized at 25 DAE, a higher Zn content was obtained in the arugula leaves, representing an increase of 279% in relation to the control, showing the effectiveness of foliar applications of zinc as a biofortification strategy in arugula.
Zinc deficiency affects a third of the world population and a strategy to solve this problem is agronomic biofortification of vegetables. Arugula has gained importance in recent years due to its nutritional properties and good acceptance by consumers. Due to the increase in its consumption, it becomes a leafy vegetable with high potential for studies of agronomic biofortification with zinc, however, few researches have been done about them. Thus, in a soil with high micronutrient content, the objective was to evaluate the effect of foliar zinc applications, at different times, on physiological, productive and nutritional parameters of 'Broad Leaf' arugula, aiming at agronomic biofortification. The experiment was realized at UNESP, Jaboticabal Campus and two factors were evaluated: Zn dose (0.5, 1 and 1.5 kg ha-1 of Zn) and times of application (15 days after emergence - DAE, 20 DAE, 25 DAE, 15 and 20 DAE, and 15, 20 and 25 DAE) plus one control, which did not receive zinc application. It was observed that there was no effect of the factors or the interaction in the physiological variables, as well as in the height, leaf area and fresh mass of the aerial part. Doses of Zn affected the contents of N, Mn and P, whereas for Cu and Fe no significant effects were found. It was verified that with the application of 1.5 kg ha-1 of Zn, realized at 25 DAE, a higher Zn content was obtained in the arugula leaves, representing an increase of 279% in relation to the control, showing the effectiveness of foliar applications of zinc as a biofortification strategy in arugula.
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Palavras-chave
Eruca sativa, sistema imunológico, fertilização foliar, micronutriente, immune system, foliar fertilization, micronutrient