Análise multicritério na identificação de áreas para a recuperação ecológica no plano de manejo ambiental municipal
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2017-12-13
Autores
Pina, Gabriela Ferracine de
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Recuperação ecológica é a restituição de um ecossistema degradado a uma condição não degradada. É uma importante estratégia para reverter os reflexos negativos na conservação da biodiversidade, o que caracteriza a importância da determinação da localização de ambientes que podem ocorrer essa recuperação. O trabalho objetivou identificar as áreas passíveis de recuperação ecológica e potenciais para a implantação de corredores ecológicos, no município de Sertãozinho - SP, com o intuito de aumentar as funções ecológicas dos fragmentos e auxiliar no planejamento de manejo ambiental municipal. A declividade, as áreas de preservação permanente, o uso e a ocupação do solo e os fragmentos de vegetação natural do município foram calculados e mapeados usando técnicas de geoprocessamento. Para cada mapa base obtido, uma amplitude de valores de apoio à tomada de decisão foi determinada, por meio do método estatístico de análise multicritério (Análise Hierárquica de Processos- AHP), o que possibilitou a hierarquização das variáveis mapeadas, com ênfase na importância e nas alternativas que se encontram e no conjunto de indicadores que definem as áreas prioritárias à recuperação ecológica, tanto em áreas de preservação permanente, como em reservas legais, na forma da lei vigente. Os mapas das áreas indicadas à recuperação e das áreas potenciais para a implantação de corredores ecológicos resultaram da álgebra dos mapas base. A distribuição espacial dos fragmentos de vegetação natural na paisagem do município é aleatória e fragmentada, sob alto efeito de borda. Sugere-se a recuperação ecológica de 8.062 ha em áreas no entorno dos fragmentos existentes (áreas de amortecimento) e ao longo da rede de drenagem, bem como a implantação de corredores ecológicos (20,92 ha) na porção sudoeste do município. Os resultados obtidos permitem compor e enriquecer o Plano Diretor de Sertãozinho, dando direcionamento e aprimoramento ao planejamento, à gestão e à fiscalização ambiental do município.
Ecological recovery is the restitution of a degraded ecosystem to a non-degraded condition. It is an important strategy to reverse negative impacts on biodiversity conservation, which characterizes the importance of determining the location of environments that can be recovered. The objective of this work was to identify the ecological and potential ecological recovery areas in the city of Sertãozinho, SP, in order to increase the ecological functions of the fragments and to assist municipal environmental management planning. The slope of the areas, the permanent preservation areas, the land use, and the fragments of natural vegetation of the municipality were calculated and mapped using geoprocessing techniques. For each base map obtained, an amplitude of values to support decision making was determined through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in a structured technique for organizing and analyzing decisions do recover the environment. The statistical method allowed the hierarchy of mapped variables, with emphasis on importance and alternatives that make a set of indicators that define the priority areas for ecological recovery, both for permanent preservation areas and for possible legal reserves areas, to adequate the land to the current law. The maps of the areas indicated for recovery and the potential areas for the implantation of ecological corridors resulted from the algebra of the base maps. The spatial distribution of fragments of natural vegetation in the municipality landscape is random and fragmented, under high edge effect. It is suggested the ecological recovery of 8,062 ha in areas around the existing fragments (damping areas) and along the drainage network, as well as the implantation of ecological corridors (20.92 ha) in the southwest portion of the municipality. The results obtained allow us to compose and enrich the Sertãozinho Master Plan, giving direction and improvement to the planning, management and environmental control of the municipality.
Ecological recovery is the restitution of a degraded ecosystem to a non-degraded condition. It is an important strategy to reverse negative impacts on biodiversity conservation, which characterizes the importance of determining the location of environments that can be recovered. The objective of this work was to identify the ecological and potential ecological recovery areas in the city of Sertãozinho, SP, in order to increase the ecological functions of the fragments and to assist municipal environmental management planning. The slope of the areas, the permanent preservation areas, the land use, and the fragments of natural vegetation of the municipality were calculated and mapped using geoprocessing techniques. For each base map obtained, an amplitude of values to support decision making was determined through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in a structured technique for organizing and analyzing decisions do recover the environment. The statistical method allowed the hierarchy of mapped variables, with emphasis on importance and alternatives that make a set of indicators that define the priority areas for ecological recovery, both for permanent preservation areas and for possible legal reserves areas, to adequate the land to the current law. The maps of the areas indicated for recovery and the potential areas for the implantation of ecological corridors resulted from the algebra of the base maps. The spatial distribution of fragments of natural vegetation in the municipality landscape is random and fragmented, under high edge effect. It is suggested the ecological recovery of 8,062 ha in areas around the existing fragments (damping areas) and along the drainage network, as well as the implantation of ecological corridors (20.92 ha) in the southwest portion of the municipality. The results obtained allow us to compose and enrich the Sertãozinho Master Plan, giving direction and improvement to the planning, management and environmental control of the municipality.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Gestão ambiental, Geoprocessamento, Política de uso do solo, Fragmentação florestal, Environmental management, geoprocessing, land use policy, forest fragmentation