"Agora é nossa vez": cultura política do operariado urbano na formação do Partido dos Trabalhadores
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Data
2017-11-09
Autores
Venuto, Elder Procopio
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar como foi possível a diferentes matrizes políticas reunirem-se numa proposta político-partidária concebida no Partido dos Trabalhadores, assim, visando tal horizonte tratamos aqui o grupo operário sindical desenvolvido no contexto do chamado “novo sindicalismo” do ABCD paulista; a ala progressista da Igreja católica que daria origem – num primeiro momento – às Comunidades Eclesiais de Bases e às Pastorais Operárias e, mais tarde, à própria Teologia da Libertação; e, finalmente, o grupo de intelectuais que ajudaram a fundar o partido. Para tanto, propomos analisar em primeiro lugar as condições socioeconômicas dos personagens que compuseram o primeiro grupo citado, tanto no que concerne ao cotidiano fabril quanto fora do ambiente de trabalho; em seguida tratamos como se deu a construção do ciclo grevista de 1978-1980, bem como seu desdobramento para a vida política nacional. Sobre os grupos progressistas da Igreja, tratamos como se deu a mudança no interior do próprio catolicismo, que favoreceu o desenvolvimento de tais grupos, bem como sua inserção no mundo do trabalho e posterior participação na vida política nacional no contexto de formação do PT. Por fim, tratamos o papel dos intelectuais na formação e desenvolvimento do PT. Sobre esse grupo em específico há que se considerar o período analisado; de sentido de sua busca por grupos que se colocassem contra o regime militar – o que favorecia a escolha por uma frente como o MDB. No entanto, muitos destes intelectuais escolheram ajudar na construção do PT e de sua proposta própria à concepção de um partido que se entendia e postulava ser um diferencial na política nacional no âmbito do fim do bipartidarismo.
This research aims to analyze how it was possible for different political matrixes to unite in a political party proposition translated in the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers Party). Thusly, with this horizon, here we approach the syndical workers group developed in the context of the so called “novo sindicalismo” (new syndicalism) from the ABCD paulista (São Paulo City’s metropolitan area); the Catholic Church’s progressive wing which would give birth – in an initial moment – to the Comunidades Eclesiasis de Base (Ecclesial Base Communities) and to the Pastorais Operárias (Workers Pastorals) and, later on, to the very Liberation Theology; and, final, the group of intellectuals that helped to establish the party. For that, we propose at first to analyze the social-economic conditions of the characters that composed the firstly quoted group, both regarding the factory ground floor daily conditions and the out-of-work environment; next we approach how the strike cycle from 1978-1980 developed, and also its effects on the national political life. About the Church’s progressive groups, we approach how change inside Catholicism itself favored the development of said groups, also its insertion in the work scene and its later participation in the national political life in the context of PT’s establishment. Lastly, we approach the role of intellectuals in PT’s formation and development. About this specific group it is paramount to consider the temporal period in analysis, in the light of its search for groups that opposed the military regime – which favored the choice for a front like the MDB (Brazilian Democratic Movement). Nonetheless, several of those intellectuals chose to help on PT’s constitution and its own proposal for the birth of a party that saw itself and claimed to be a differential in national politics in the light of the end of bipartisanship.
This research aims to analyze how it was possible for different political matrixes to unite in a political party proposition translated in the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers Party). Thusly, with this horizon, here we approach the syndical workers group developed in the context of the so called “novo sindicalismo” (new syndicalism) from the ABCD paulista (São Paulo City’s metropolitan area); the Catholic Church’s progressive wing which would give birth – in an initial moment – to the Comunidades Eclesiasis de Base (Ecclesial Base Communities) and to the Pastorais Operárias (Workers Pastorals) and, later on, to the very Liberation Theology; and, final, the group of intellectuals that helped to establish the party. For that, we propose at first to analyze the social-economic conditions of the characters that composed the firstly quoted group, both regarding the factory ground floor daily conditions and the out-of-work environment; next we approach how the strike cycle from 1978-1980 developed, and also its effects on the national political life. About the Church’s progressive groups, we approach how change inside Catholicism itself favored the development of said groups, also its insertion in the work scene and its later participation in the national political life in the context of PT’s establishment. Lastly, we approach the role of intellectuals in PT’s formation and development. About this specific group it is paramount to consider the temporal period in analysis, in the light of its search for groups that opposed the military regime – which favored the choice for a front like the MDB (Brazilian Democratic Movement). Nonetheless, several of those intellectuals chose to help on PT’s constitution and its own proposal for the birth of a party that saw itself and claimed to be a differential in national politics in the light of the end of bipartisanship.
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Palavras-chave
Partido dos Trabalhadores, Greve, Movimento Operário, Teologia da Libertação, Intelectuais