Utilização de resíduo de caulim para oxidação eletrolítica assistida por plasma de liga de alumínio
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Data
2017-12-19
Autores
Pálinkás, Fabiola Bergamasco da Silva Marcondes
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O caulim é um mineral largamente explorado no mercado nacional e internacional para diversos fins industriais em especial para clareamento e carga de papel. O processo de beneficiamento do caulim gera 500 mil toneladas de resíduos anuais. O resíduo normalmente é disposto em pilhas à céu aberto podendo acarretar danos ambientais como a contaminação da água e do solo, além de mudança da paisagem natural. Sendo esse resíduo rico em silício e visando sua valorização, este trabalho propõe seu uso na produção de camada protetora em liga de alumínio pela técnica de oxidação eletrolítica assistida por plasma (do inglês: PEO - Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation) e avaliação das características dos revestimentos obtidos. Neste trabalho foram produzidos e caracterizados revestimentos obtidos em substratos de liga de alumínio 5052 pela técnica de PEO usando solução eletrolítica nas concentrações de 5 e 10 g/L de resíduo de caulim. Uma fonte forneceu a tensão de 650V e as deposições foram feitas em 3 diferentes tempos: 300, 600 e 900s para cada concentração. Foram feitas análises de caracterização do resíduo de caulim, do substrato de liga de alumínio e dos revestimentos produzidos utilizando: Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), Espectrometria de Energia Dispersiva (EDS), Difração de Raios X (DRX), Espectroscopia de Infravermelho (FTIR), Perfilometria e Molhabilidade. Também foi feita uma avaliação do desgaste mecânico dos revestimentos através do teste de pino sobre disco. O tratamento em substrato de alumínio por PEO utilizando solução eletrolítica de caulim produz um revestimento rugoso, hidrofóbico para a concentração de 5 g/L e hidrofílico para a concentração de 10 g/L, cuja morfologia se caracteriza por apresentar poros e regiões de coalescência. A composição química elementar desses revestimentos apresenta Al, Si, O e Mg, elementos presentes na liga de alumínio e na solução eletrolítica. Esses revestimentos são compostos por material cerâmico e apresentam estrutura cristalina correspondente a alumina. Para a concentração de 5 g/L de resíduo de caulim e tempo de deposição de 900 s também se forma estrutura cristalina correspondente a mulita, enquanto que para a concentração de 10 g/L resíduo de caulim e tempo de deposição de 600 s e 900 s se forma estrutura cristalina correspondente a antigorita e hidróxido de alumínio-magnésio hidratado. Os revestimentos caracterizam-se por boa estabilidade química, alta refratariedade, capacidade de suportar altas temperaturas e maior resistência ao desgaste mecânico, possibilitando o seu uso no desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias de materiais.
Kaolin is a mineral widely exploited in the national and international market for various industrial purposes especially for bleaching and paper loading. The kaolin processing process generates 500 thousand tons of annual waste. Waste is usually disposed of in open piles and can cause environmental damage such as water and soil contamination, as well as changes in the natural landscape. This work proposes its use in the production of protective layer in aluminum alloy by the technique of electrolytic oxidation assisted by plasma (known as PEO of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation) and evaluation of the characteristics of the coatings obtained. In this work, coatings obtained on 5052 aluminum alloy substrates were produced and characterized by PEO using electrolytic solution at concentrations of 5 and 10 g / L of kaolin residue. One source provided the voltage of 650V and the depositions were made in 3 different times: 300, 600 and 900s for each concentration. The analysis of the kaolin residue, the aluminum alloy substrate and the coatings produced using: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Dispersive Energy Spectrometry (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy FTIR), Profilometry and Wettability. An evaluation of the mechanical wear of the coatings was also made through the Pin to Disk Test. The treatment in aluminum substrate by PEO using electrolytic kaolin solution produces a rough, hydrophobic coating at the concentration of 5 g / L and hydrophilic at the concentration of 10 g / L, whose morphology is characterized by presenting pores and regions of coalescence. The elemental chemical composition of these coatings shows Al, Si, O and Mg, elements present in the aluminum alloy and in the electrolytic solution. This coating is composed of ceramic material and has crystalline structure corresponding to alumina. For the concentration of 5 g / l of kaolin residue and time of deposition of 900 s also forms a crystalline structure corresponding to mullite, whereas for the concentration of 10 g / L kaolin residue and deposition time of 600 if 900 s crystalline structure corresponding to antigorite and hydrated magnesium aluminum hydroxide is formed. The coating are characterized by good chemical stability, high refractoriness, ability to withstand high temperatures and greater resistance to mechanical wear, allowing their use in the development of new materials technologies.
Kaolin is a mineral widely exploited in the national and international market for various industrial purposes especially for bleaching and paper loading. The kaolin processing process generates 500 thousand tons of annual waste. Waste is usually disposed of in open piles and can cause environmental damage such as water and soil contamination, as well as changes in the natural landscape. This work proposes its use in the production of protective layer in aluminum alloy by the technique of electrolytic oxidation assisted by plasma (known as PEO of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation) and evaluation of the characteristics of the coatings obtained. In this work, coatings obtained on 5052 aluminum alloy substrates were produced and characterized by PEO using electrolytic solution at concentrations of 5 and 10 g / L of kaolin residue. One source provided the voltage of 650V and the depositions were made in 3 different times: 300, 600 and 900s for each concentration. The analysis of the kaolin residue, the aluminum alloy substrate and the coatings produced using: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Dispersive Energy Spectrometry (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy FTIR), Profilometry and Wettability. An evaluation of the mechanical wear of the coatings was also made through the Pin to Disk Test. The treatment in aluminum substrate by PEO using electrolytic kaolin solution produces a rough, hydrophobic coating at the concentration of 5 g / L and hydrophilic at the concentration of 10 g / L, whose morphology is characterized by presenting pores and regions of coalescence. The elemental chemical composition of these coatings shows Al, Si, O and Mg, elements present in the aluminum alloy and in the electrolytic solution. This coating is composed of ceramic material and has crystalline structure corresponding to alumina. For the concentration of 5 g / l of kaolin residue and time of deposition of 900 s also forms a crystalline structure corresponding to mullite, whereas for the concentration of 10 g / L kaolin residue and deposition time of 600 if 900 s crystalline structure corresponding to antigorite and hydrated magnesium aluminum hydroxide is formed. The coating are characterized by good chemical stability, high refractoriness, ability to withstand high temperatures and greater resistance to mechanical wear, allowing their use in the development of new materials technologies.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Resíduo de caulim, Oxidação eletrolítica assistida por plasma, Revestimento cerâmico, Alumínio 5052, Kaolin residue, Ceramic coating, Plasma electrolytic, Aluminum 5052