Desempenho agronômico, qualitativo e eficiência no uso do nitrogênio em cultivares de feijoeiro de inverno
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2017-12-01
Autores
Nunes, Hugo Dias
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência da adubação nitrogenada em cobertura sobre os atributos agronômicos e qualitativos e na eficiência de uso do nitrogênio em cultivares de feijoeiro do grupo comercial carioca. O experimento foi conduzido na safra de inverno de 2016, em Jaboticabal (SP), num Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico preparado convencionalmente. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental do tipo blocos casualizados no esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. As parcelas foram constituídas por 16 cultivares de feijoeiro: ANFc 9, BRS Ametista, BRS Estilo, BRSMG Madrepérola, Pérola, IAC Alvorada, IAC Imperador, IAC Milênio, IAC Sintonia, IPR Andorinha, IPR Campos Gerais, IPR Tangará, IPR 139 (Juriti Claro), TAA Bola Cheia, TAA Dama e TAA Gol. As subparcelas foram constituídas pela ausência e presença de nitrogênio (0 e 100 kg ha-1) aplicado em cobertura no estádio fenológico V4-4 de cada cultivar de feijoeiro. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância pelo teste F (p<0,05) e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott (p<0,05). As cultivares com maior produtividade de grãos foram IPR Campos Gerais e IPR Tangará quando aplicado nitrogênio em cobertura, sendo esta última a de maior valor para eficiência agronômica. O rendimento de peneira maior ou igual a 12 apresentaram valores superiores a 90% quando aplicado nitrogênio em cobertura para as cultivares IAC Milênio, IPR Campos Gerais, IPR Tangará, IPR 139 (Juriti Claro) e TAA Dama. A média geral do tempo de cozimento manteve-se na média preconizada de maior preferência dos consumidores, a cultivar de menor tempo para cocção foi a IAC Imperador. O teor de proteína bruta nos grãos foi superior quando aplicado nitrogênio em cobertura. Houve diferenças significativas nas eficiências avaliadas, exceto para a fisiológica, destacando a cultivar IPR 139 (Juriti Claro) com superioridade nas eficiências agronômica, agrofisiológica, de recuperação e utilização. A classificação de eficiência-resposta das cultivares de feijoeiro evidenciou BRS Estilo, IPR Campos Gerais e IAC Imperador como sendo eficientes e responsivas.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influency of nitrogen fertilization applied by topdressing on the agronomics and qualitative attributes, use and efficiency of nitrogen in common beans cultivars of carioca comercial group. Was conducted in the winter of 2016 in Jaboticabal (SP), the soil was classified as a eutrophic red latosol type. The soil was prepared by the conventional system. The experimental design was randomized block in a split plot arrangement, with four replications. The plots consisted of beans cultivars: ANFc 9, BRS Ametista, BRS Estilo, BRSMG Madrepérola, Pérola, IAC Alvorada, IAC Imperador, IAC Milênio, IAC Sintonia, IPR Andorinha, IPR Campos Gerais, IPR Tangará, IPR 139 (Juriti Claro), TAA Bola Cheia, TAA Dama and TAA Gol. The subplots consisted in absence and presence of nitrogen (0 e 100 kg ha-1) applied by topdressing at phenological stage V4-4 of each bean cultivar. The datas were submitted to analysis of variance using the software AgroEstat and the averages compared by the Scott-Knott test 5% of probability. The cultivars IPR Campos Gerais and IPR Tangará showed higher grain yields with presence of N, the last one cultivar with higher agronomic efficiency. The cultivars IAC Milênio, IPR Campos Gerais, IPR Tangará, IPR 139 (Juriti Claro) and TAA Dama showed the highest amounts above 90% of grain held in the sieve largest or equal to 12. The average of time cooking stayed at the preconized average of the consumers, IAC Imperador showed the lowest time of cooking. The content of protein in the grains was higher when applied nitrogen by topdressing. For the efficiencies significatives differences were observed, except to the physiological efficiency. Highlighting the cultivar IPR 139 (Juriti Claro) with superiority in the agronomic, agrophysiological, recovery and utilization efficiencies. The efficiency-response classification of the beans cultivars showed BRS Estilo, IPR Campos Gerais and IAC Imperador as being efficient and responsive.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influency of nitrogen fertilization applied by topdressing on the agronomics and qualitative attributes, use and efficiency of nitrogen in common beans cultivars of carioca comercial group. Was conducted in the winter of 2016 in Jaboticabal (SP), the soil was classified as a eutrophic red latosol type. The soil was prepared by the conventional system. The experimental design was randomized block in a split plot arrangement, with four replications. The plots consisted of beans cultivars: ANFc 9, BRS Ametista, BRS Estilo, BRSMG Madrepérola, Pérola, IAC Alvorada, IAC Imperador, IAC Milênio, IAC Sintonia, IPR Andorinha, IPR Campos Gerais, IPR Tangará, IPR 139 (Juriti Claro), TAA Bola Cheia, TAA Dama and TAA Gol. The subplots consisted in absence and presence of nitrogen (0 e 100 kg ha-1) applied by topdressing at phenological stage V4-4 of each bean cultivar. The datas were submitted to analysis of variance using the software AgroEstat and the averages compared by the Scott-Knott test 5% of probability. The cultivars IPR Campos Gerais and IPR Tangará showed higher grain yields with presence of N, the last one cultivar with higher agronomic efficiency. The cultivars IAC Milênio, IPR Campos Gerais, IPR Tangará, IPR 139 (Juriti Claro) and TAA Dama showed the highest amounts above 90% of grain held in the sieve largest or equal to 12. The average of time cooking stayed at the preconized average of the consumers, IAC Imperador showed the lowest time of cooking. The content of protein in the grains was higher when applied nitrogen by topdressing. For the efficiencies significatives differences were observed, except to the physiological efficiency. Highlighting the cultivar IPR 139 (Juriti Claro) with superiority in the agronomic, agrophysiological, recovery and utilization efficiencies. The efficiency-response classification of the beans cultivars showed BRS Estilo, IPR Campos Gerais and IAC Imperador as being efficient and responsive.
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Palavras-chave
Aplicação de cobertura, Eficiência agronômica, Genótipos, Phaseolus vulgaris, Produtividade de grãos, Qualidade de grãos