Tipos de materiais para o ensacamento de cachos da bananeira 'BRS Platina': desenvolvimento e qualidade dos frutos
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Data
2018-01-24
Autores
Silva, Marcela Sant'Anna Cordeiro da
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Brasil é o quarto maior produtor mundial de banana, no entanto, apresenta dificuldades quanto à participação expressiva no mercado internacional, o que por sua vez, está diretamente relacionada aos fatores de padrões tradicionais de produção, com baixos investimentos de capital e tecnologia na maioria das regiões produtoras no país. Para que se tenham frutos de alta qualidade, há necessidade da adoção de inúmeras técnicas culturais e dentre estas, está o ensacamento dos cachos, que, apesar de onerar o custo de produção, é uma prática que vem sendo recomendada em plantios comerciais de bananeira que produzem frutos com melhor qualidade. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência de tipos de materiais para ensacamento de cachos de banana, no desenvolvimento e qualidade dos frutos de bananeira „BRS Platina‟. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental Lageado, pertencente à UNESP, campus de Botucatu. O delineamento estatístico experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, composto por seis tratamentos, quatro blocos e quatro plantas por parcela, sendo os tratamentos: T1 – testemunha (sem ensacamento); T2 – Saco de polipropileno (TNT), cor preta + Papel kraft; T3 – Saco de polietileno, cor preta + Papel kraft; T4 – Papel kraft; T5 – Saco de polipropileno (TNT), cor branca; T6 – Saco de polietileno, cor branca. Foram feitas avaliações de características fenológicas, desempenho agronômico produtivo, qualidade pós-colheita dos frutos e análise econômica. Os resultados foram avaliados estatisticamente, mediante análise de variância com aplicação do teste F à 5% de probabilidade (p<0,05) e as médias comparadas pelo teste Scott-Knott ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Concluiu-se que o ensacamento é eficaz no controle de tripes da erupção e na redução de defeitos ou injúrias, não afetando a produção, além de promover poucas alterações nas características físicas e químicas dos frutos. O tratamento com ensacamento utilizando polietileno branco apresentou melhor custo-benefício, com maior produtividade anual média e menor custo anual médio de produção.
Brazil is the fourth largest producer of banana in the world, however, it presents difficulties in expressive participation in the international market, which in turn is directly related to the factors of traditional production patterns, with low investments of capital and technology in the majority of producing regions in the country. In order to have high quality fruits, there is a need to adopt numerous cultural techniques, among which is the bagging of bunches, which, despite costing the production, is a practice that has been recommended in commercial banana plantations that produce better quality fruits. In view of the above, the present work had the objective of evaluating the influence of types of materials for banana bagging on the development and quality of 'BRS Platina' banana fruits. The experiment was carried out at Experimental Farm Lageado, belonging to UNESP, Botucatu campus. The experimental design was a randomized block design, consisting of six treatments, four blocks and four plants per plot. The treatments were: T1 - control (without bagging); T2 - Polypropylene bag (TNT), black color + Kraft paper; T3 - Polyethylene bag, black color + Kraft paper; T4 - Kraft paper; T5 - Polypropylene bag (TNT), white color; T6 - Polyethylene bag, white color. Evaluations of phenological characteristics, productive agronomic performance, post-harvest quality of fruits and economic analysis were performed. The results were statistically evaluated by analysis of variance with application of the F test at 5% probability (p <0.05) and the means compared by the Scott-Knott test at the 5% probability level. It was concluded that the bagging is effective in the control of thrips of the eruption and in the reduction of defects or injuries, not affecting the production, besides promoting few changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits. The treatment with bagging using white polyethylene presented better cost-benefit, with higher average annual productivity and lower annual average cost of production.
Brazil is the fourth largest producer of banana in the world, however, it presents difficulties in expressive participation in the international market, which in turn is directly related to the factors of traditional production patterns, with low investments of capital and technology in the majority of producing regions in the country. In order to have high quality fruits, there is a need to adopt numerous cultural techniques, among which is the bagging of bunches, which, despite costing the production, is a practice that has been recommended in commercial banana plantations that produce better quality fruits. In view of the above, the present work had the objective of evaluating the influence of types of materials for banana bagging on the development and quality of 'BRS Platina' banana fruits. The experiment was carried out at Experimental Farm Lageado, belonging to UNESP, Botucatu campus. The experimental design was a randomized block design, consisting of six treatments, four blocks and four plants per plot. The treatments were: T1 - control (without bagging); T2 - Polypropylene bag (TNT), black color + Kraft paper; T3 - Polyethylene bag, black color + Kraft paper; T4 - Kraft paper; T5 - Polypropylene bag (TNT), white color; T6 - Polyethylene bag, white color. Evaluations of phenological characteristics, productive agronomic performance, post-harvest quality of fruits and economic analysis were performed. The results were statistically evaluated by analysis of variance with application of the F test at 5% probability (p <0.05) and the means compared by the Scott-Knott test at the 5% probability level. It was concluded that the bagging is effective in the control of thrips of the eruption and in the reduction of defects or injuries, not affecting the production, besides promoting few changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits. The treatment with bagging using white polyethylene presented better cost-benefit, with higher average annual productivity and lower annual average cost of production.
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Palavras-chave
Proteção física de cachos, Embalagens, Polipropileno, Polietileno, Kraft, Musa spp., Clusters physical cover, Polypropylene, Polyethylene, Kraft paper