Plantio de mudas pré brotadas (mpb) de cana de açúcar em sistemas de manejo conservacionista de solo
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Data
2018-02-05
Autores
Noronha, Rafael Henrique de Freitas
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O manejo conservacionista do solo melhora as condições químicas, físicas e biológicas, devido ao incremento de matéria orgânica por manutenção da palha de cobertura, evitando uma possível erosão. Devido a esses fatores, o sistema radicular da cana-de-açúcar pode ser beneficiado, mas, neste tipo de manejo, o sistema radicular das culturas está concentrado nas camadas superficiais. Objetiva-se estudar o crescimento vegetativo e radicular de mudas pré brotadas de cana de açúcar em Latossolo Vermelho Eutroférrico em Ribeirão Preto/SP, utilizando o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições, composto de parcelas com três manejos do solo: preparo convencional, cultivo mínimo e plantio direto, e subparcelas com a variedade IACSP955000 de cana-de-açúcar e o clone de Saccharum spontaneum de cana de energia. As variáveis biométricas agronômicas. Ainda, quanto aos atributos físicos do solo, quantifica-se as alterações na biomassa de raízes quanto aos tratamentos. Para coleta de raízes foi utilizada uma sonda amostradora. Pressupõe-se que o manejo conservacionista poderia interferir na biomassa do sistema radicular da cana-de-açúcar tanto da parte aérea quanto da dinâmica radicular, ou até mesmo entre as espécies de cana. O perfilhamento máximo ocorreu aos 150 dias após o transplantio e estabilizou-se por 240 dias após transplantio das mudas, sendo 20% maior com mínimo e sem preparo do que o preparo convencional e 51% maior para a cana de energia do que a cana-de-açúcar. A biomassa seca total foi de 21,37 e 11,42% maior para o mínimo e sem preparo, respectivamente, do que o preparo convencional, e o rendimento foi 10,48% maior para a cana-de-açúcar do que a cana de energia. A análise multivariada indicou, no gráfico biplot, a cana de energia correlacionou-se com NPL, DIA, PLH e INT. Quanto aos atributos físicos do solo. O cultivo mínimo com Rip Strip® proporcionou uma redução na resistência à penetração, com valores médios na linha e entrelinha, mesmo nos meses com maior pluviosidade, beneficiando os atributos físicos de solo, como microporosidade, macroporidade, porosidade total, e densidade do solo são verificadas somente nas camadas superficiais (0-5 e 5-10 cm). O plantio direto e o cultivo mínimo possibilitaram o maior acúmulo de biomassa do sistema radicular, concentrando 80% nas camadas 0,60m de profundidade.
The conservationist tillage of the soil improves as chemical, physical and biological soil conditions, due to increase of organic matter by the maintenance of straw on the soil surface, avoiding a possible erosion. Due to these factors, root system of sugarcane can be benefited, but this type of management, the root system of the crops is concentrated in superficial layers. The objective of this study was to study the vegetative and root growth of pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings in Eutrophic Red Latosol in Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. The experiment had he in split plot design in randomized blocks with four replications composed of plots with three soil management: conventional tillage, minimum tillage and no-tillage, and subplots with IACSP955000 variety of sugarcane and the spontaneous saccharum clone of energy cane. As biometric agronomic variables are quantified through chemical and physical attributes of soil, a green mucuna as a predecessor crop. To collect roots for a somatic sampler. It is assumed and managed by a conservationist, allowing interfering in biomass of sugarcane root system, both on aerial part and on radicular dynamics, or even among cane species. The most complete profile available 150 days after transplanting and stabilized for 240 days after transplanting the seedlings, being 20% larger with minimum and no tillage than conventional tillage and 51% greater for a sugarcane than a cane - of sugar. A total dry biomass of 21.37 and 11.42% higher for the minimum and no tillage, respectively, than the conventional tillage, and the yield was 10.48% higher for sugarcane than the sugarcane. A multivariate analysis indicated, without biplot plot, an energy reel correlated with NPL, DIA, PLH and INT. As for the physical attributes of the soil. The minimum tillage Rip Strip® crop provided a reduction in penetration resistance, with average values in the rows and between rows, even in the months with higher rainfall, benefiting the physical attributes of soil, such as microporosity, macropority, total porosity, and soil density. Checked only in the superficial layers (0-5 and 5-10 cm). No-tillage and minimum cultivation allowed for the greater accumulation of biomass of the root system, concentrating 80% in the layers 0.60m deep.
The conservationist tillage of the soil improves as chemical, physical and biological soil conditions, due to increase of organic matter by the maintenance of straw on the soil surface, avoiding a possible erosion. Due to these factors, root system of sugarcane can be benefited, but this type of management, the root system of the crops is concentrated in superficial layers. The objective of this study was to study the vegetative and root growth of pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings in Eutrophic Red Latosol in Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. The experiment had he in split plot design in randomized blocks with four replications composed of plots with three soil management: conventional tillage, minimum tillage and no-tillage, and subplots with IACSP955000 variety of sugarcane and the spontaneous saccharum clone of energy cane. As biometric agronomic variables are quantified through chemical and physical attributes of soil, a green mucuna as a predecessor crop. To collect roots for a somatic sampler. It is assumed and managed by a conservationist, allowing interfering in biomass of sugarcane root system, both on aerial part and on radicular dynamics, or even among cane species. The most complete profile available 150 days after transplanting and stabilized for 240 days after transplanting the seedlings, being 20% larger with minimum and no tillage than conventional tillage and 51% greater for a sugarcane than a cane - of sugar. A total dry biomass of 21.37 and 11.42% higher for the minimum and no tillage, respectively, than the conventional tillage, and the yield was 10.48% higher for sugarcane than the sugarcane. A multivariate analysis indicated, without biplot plot, an energy reel correlated with NPL, DIA, PLH and INT. As for the physical attributes of the soil. The minimum tillage Rip Strip® crop provided a reduction in penetration resistance, with average values in the rows and between rows, even in the months with higher rainfall, benefiting the physical attributes of soil, such as microporosity, macropority, total porosity, and soil density. Checked only in the superficial layers (0-5 and 5-10 cm). No-tillage and minimum cultivation allowed for the greater accumulation of biomass of the root system, concentrating 80% in the layers 0.60m deep.
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Palavras-chave
biomassa, sistema radicular, física de solo, Saccharum spontaneum L., biomass, root system, physical attributes, Saccharum spontaneum