Inteligência coletiva: manifestações nos ambientes digitais
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Data
2018-01-30
Autores
Franco, Angela Halen Claro [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os estudos em inteligência coletiva têm revelado que as atividades dos indivíduos em grupos apresentam diferentes manifestações, as quais podem ser identificadas como compartilhamento, cooperação e ação coletiva. Defende-se como tese que quanto maior o nível de comprometimento de uma determinada comunidade, maiores as possibilidades da inteligência coletiva resultar em produção de conteúdo; quanto mais possibilidades de produção objetiva de conteúdo, maior a presença direta da Ciência da Informação, e quanto menos produção objetiva de conteúdo mais desafiadora é a atuação dessa ciência, uma vez que sua atenção será sobre os processos de informação. Dessa forma, pretende-se propor um arcabouço epistemológico para a reflexão da inteligência coletiva no âmbito dos estudos em Informação e Tecnologia. Para tanto, a partir de uma pesquisa exploratória, conduzida pelo aspecto bibliográfico, o estudo se propôs a investigar as diferentes manifestações da inteligência coletiva – o compartilhamento, a cooperação e a ação coletiva; definir um modelo para a análise de ambientes digitais que aparentam a cultivação da inteligência coletiva; compreender a trajetória evolutiva dos ambientes digitais que tiveram como foco a inteligência coletiva; analisar, mediante ao modelo criado, os ambientes digitais definidos. Os ambientes selecionados para análise foram o YouTube, Facebook e a Wikipédia. Observou-se que as manifestações analisadas são variáveis que compõem a inteligência coletiva, e que os ideais de inteligência coletiva são observáveis na trajetória das tecnologias computacionais até o desenvolvimento dos softwares sociais. Por meio do modelo construído, foi observado que o compartilhamento foi a manifestação predominante nas redes sociais analisadas, e que a cooperação, expressa pela produção colaborativa, foi a manifestação que obteve mais evidência no âmbito da Wikipédia. Notou-se que, no contexto dos ambientes digitais que se apropriam da inteligência coletiva, as preocupações da Ciência da Informação ora se direcionam para suas práticas centrais, voltadas para a organização e representação de conteúdos objetivos dotados de valor semântico, ora para a compreensão de processos de informação e comportamento de usuários nos ambientes de informação.
The studies in collective intelligence have revealed that the activities of individuals in groups present different manifestations, which can be identified as sharing, cooperation and collective action. It is defended as thesis that the greater the level of commitment of a determined community, the greater the possibilities of the collective intelligence result in the objective production of content; the more possibilities of objective production of content, the greater the direct presence of Information Science, and the less objective production of content more challenging is the performance of this science, since its attention will be on information processes. In this way, its intend to propose an epistemological framework for the reflection of collective intelligence in the scope of studies in Information and Technology. To do so, based on an exploratory research, steering by the bibliographical aspect, the study proposed to investigate the different manifestations of collective intelligence - sharing, cooperation and collective action; to define a model for the analysis of digital environments that appear to cultivate collective intelligence; to understand the evolutionary trajectory of digital environments that focused on collective intelligence; to analyze, through the created model, the defined digital environments. The environments selected for analysis were YouTube, Facebook, and Wikipedia. Its observed that the analyzed manifestations are variables that make up the collective intelligence, and that the ideals of collective intelligence are observable in the trajectory of computational technologies until the development of social software. Through the built model, its observed that sharing was the predominant manifestation in the analyzed social networks, and that the cooperation, expressed by the collaborative production, was the manifestation that obtained the most evidence within Wikipedia. Its noted that, in the context of digital environments that appropriate collective intelligence, the concerns of Information Science sometimes are focused on its central practices, aimed at organization and representation of objective content endowed with semantic value, and sometimes to understanding of information processes and user behavior in information environments.
The studies in collective intelligence have revealed that the activities of individuals in groups present different manifestations, which can be identified as sharing, cooperation and collective action. It is defended as thesis that the greater the level of commitment of a determined community, the greater the possibilities of the collective intelligence result in the objective production of content; the more possibilities of objective production of content, the greater the direct presence of Information Science, and the less objective production of content more challenging is the performance of this science, since its attention will be on information processes. In this way, its intend to propose an epistemological framework for the reflection of collective intelligence in the scope of studies in Information and Technology. To do so, based on an exploratory research, steering by the bibliographical aspect, the study proposed to investigate the different manifestations of collective intelligence - sharing, cooperation and collective action; to define a model for the analysis of digital environments that appear to cultivate collective intelligence; to understand the evolutionary trajectory of digital environments that focused on collective intelligence; to analyze, through the created model, the defined digital environments. The environments selected for analysis were YouTube, Facebook, and Wikipedia. Its observed that the analyzed manifestations are variables that make up the collective intelligence, and that the ideals of collective intelligence are observable in the trajectory of computational technologies until the development of social software. Through the built model, its observed that sharing was the predominant manifestation in the analyzed social networks, and that the cooperation, expressed by the collaborative production, was the manifestation that obtained the most evidence within Wikipedia. Its noted that, in the context of digital environments that appropriate collective intelligence, the concerns of Information Science sometimes are focused on its central practices, aimed at organization and representation of objective content endowed with semantic value, and sometimes to understanding of information processes and user behavior in information environments.
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Palavras-chave
Inteligência coletiva, Ambientes digitais, Compartilhamento, Cooperação, Ação coletiva, Collective intelligence, Digital environments, Sharing, Cooperation, Collective action