A subalternidade em Cloud Atlas, de David Mitchell
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Data
2018-02-09
Autores
Souza, Davi Silistino de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As injustiças e opressões enfrentadas pelos subalternos vêm sido estudadas há algumas décadas pelos Grupos de Estudos Subalternos, seja o de origem indiana ou latina. Com o auxílio dessas pesquisas, na contemporaneidade, os indivíduos excluídos adquirem voz, sendo ouvidos e respeitados na sociedade. Considerando esses fatos, a dissertação tem como objetivo contribuir para esse enfrentamento, ao estudar de que maneira a subalternidade é representada nas personagens de Cloud Atlas (2004), romance escrito por David Mitchell. Em nossas análises, evidenciaremos a presença de uma crítica às estruturas hegemônicas na construção das protagonistas, pertencentes a sociedades organizadas em hierarquias sociais e econômicas que propiciam a subjugação e abafamento da voz dos marginalizados. Verificaremos como Mitchell dá voz a personagens subversoras da relação de desprezo, ataque ou mesmo silenciamento. Como aparato crítico-teórico, fundamentamos nossa pesquisa em Grosfoguel (2008), Mignolo (2007) e Castro-Goméz (2005), para discutir questões relacionadas à decolonialidade; em Foucault (2015), Rabinow e Rose (2006), para tratar do conceito de biopoder; em Butler (2003), Foucault (1980) e Stadniky (2007), para estudar as questões de identidade e gênero; em Arendt (2000), Bauman (2014), Butler e Spivak (2007), para debater acerca da liberdade dos subalternos; em Bauman (2014) e Eagleton (2004; 1996), para estudar conceitos relacionados à contemporaneidade; e, por fim, Bhabha (2013) e Santana (2008), para discutir questões relacionadas às diversas concepções de tempo.
Injustices and oppressions faced by subalterns have been studied for some decades by Subaltern Studies Groups, whether of Indian or Latin origin. With the aid of the group researches, contemporarily, excluded individuals acquire a voice, being heard and respected. Considering these facts, the dissertation aims to contribute to this fight by studying how subalternity is represented in characters in Cloud Atlas (2004), a novel written by David Mitchell. In our analysis, we will highlight the presence of hegemonic structure critiques in the construction of characters from subaltern groups. They belong to societies organized in a social and economic hierarchy, responsible for subjugation and muffling of subaltern’s voices. We will observe how Mitchell gives voice to characters who subvert the contempt, attack or even muzzling subalterns. As a criticaltheoretical approach, we base our research on Grosfoguel (2008), Mignolo (2007) and Castro-Goméz (2005), to discuss issues related to decoloniality; in Foucault (2015), Rabinow and Rose (2006), to deal with the concept of biopower; in Butler (2003), Foucault (1980) and Stadniky (2007), to study identity and gender issues; in Arendt (2000), Bauman (2014), Butler and Spivak (2007), to discuss subaltern freedom; in Bauman (2014) and Eagleton (2004, 1996), to study concepts related to contemporaneity; and finally, Bhabha (2013) and Santana (2008), to discuss issues related to different conceptions of time.
Injustices and oppressions faced by subalterns have been studied for some decades by Subaltern Studies Groups, whether of Indian or Latin origin. With the aid of the group researches, contemporarily, excluded individuals acquire a voice, being heard and respected. Considering these facts, the dissertation aims to contribute to this fight by studying how subalternity is represented in characters in Cloud Atlas (2004), a novel written by David Mitchell. In our analysis, we will highlight the presence of hegemonic structure critiques in the construction of characters from subaltern groups. They belong to societies organized in a social and economic hierarchy, responsible for subjugation and muffling of subaltern’s voices. We will observe how Mitchell gives voice to characters who subvert the contempt, attack or even muzzling subalterns. As a criticaltheoretical approach, we base our research on Grosfoguel (2008), Mignolo (2007) and Castro-Goméz (2005), to discuss issues related to decoloniality; in Foucault (2015), Rabinow and Rose (2006), to deal with the concept of biopower; in Butler (2003), Foucault (1980) and Stadniky (2007), to study identity and gender issues; in Arendt (2000), Bauman (2014), Butler and Spivak (2007), to discuss subaltern freedom; in Bauman (2014) and Eagleton (2004, 1996), to study concepts related to contemporaneity; and finally, Bhabha (2013) and Santana (2008), to discuss issues related to different conceptions of time.
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Subalternidade, David Mitchell, Cloud Atlas, Subalternity