Heterogeneidade dos letramentos: entre a tradição do escolar e a novidade do digital
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Data
2018-02-06
Autores
Luiz Sobrinho, Viviane Vomeiro [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Fundamentada numa concepção etnográfico-discursiva (CORRÊA, 2011; 2013), em estudos de letramentos (STREET, 2014; 2010; LEA; STREET, 2014) e em estudos do discurso (BAKHTIN, 2010; 2011; AUTHIERREVUZ, 1990; 2004), esta tese tem como objetivo investigar “conflitos” que emergem de produções textuais escolares escritas produzidas por escreventes de Ensino Fundamental II, no diálogo que é estabelecido entre esses alunos e a instituição escolar quanto a uso social de tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC). A hipótese de partida é a de que esses conflitos permitem observar uma heterogeneidade dos letramentos – entendida como a presença de “outro(s)” (letramentos (d)e sujeitos) na produção textual escolar escrita, mas, a essa produção não restrita – de que tanto produções textuais escolares escritas quanto, portanto, práticas sociais dos sujeitos, são resultantes. Este objetivo geral desdobra-se em outros, específicos: (i) investigar principais tendências de cumprimento da atividade de produção textual escolar escrita, considerando-se o que o foi solicitado pela instituição escolar/professor e o que o aluno escrevente efetivamente conseguiu cumprir; (ii) investigar marcas linguístico-discursivas que indiciam a heterogeneidade dos letramentos; (iii) investigar o modo como o aluno escrevente projeta o (seu) modo de participação em práticas letradas acadêmicas e práticas letradas digitais; (iv) apresentar resultados que contribuam para pesquisas na área de Ciências da Linguagem e para reflexões sobre políticas públicas de ensino de Língua Portuguesa no Brasil. O conjunto do material é formado de: (i) duas propostas de produção de redação e (ii) 203 (duzentas e três) produções textuais escolares escritas produzidas, com base nas referidas propostas, por alunos das então 5a. e 6a. séries (atuais 6o. e 7o. anos) de uma escola pública do município de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, no ano de 2008 (TENANI, 2015). A adoção de procedimentos de investigação de base abdutiva (GINZBURG, 1990; 1991) permitiu que os textos analisados fossem agrupados segundo regularidades, a saber: (i) aquela em que o aluno pergunta a um primo/amigo sobre TDIC, por meio de uma carta pessoal; (ii) aquela em que o aluno responde a um primo/amigo sobre TDIC, por meio de uma carta pessoal; (iii) aquela em que o aluno pergunta e responde sobre TDIC, sem se apropriar do gênero carta pessoal; (iv) aquela em que o aluno foge ao tema. Dentre os resultados obtidos, destaca-se o do aspecto constitutivo de um letramento em outro – em outras palavras, a impossibilidade de se distinguir práticas sociais de leitura e escrita que seriam exclusivamente características do contexto da escola, tido como tradicional, daquelas que seriam exclusivamente características do contexto digital, tido como novidade. Tenciona-se, assim, contribuir para estudos de letramentos, com base na crítica de ideia corrente de que práticas sociais de leitura e escrita seriam de exclusividade de um contexto ou de outro, o que levaria à defesa de uma concepção de homogeneidade em cada prática situada. O estudo de marcas de heterogeneidade dos letramentos é relevante porque permite mostrar a complexidade da linguagem, numa dinâmica regida por constituição sócio-histórica do sujeito com o (no) outro, na alteridade.
Based on an discursive ethnographical conception (CORRÊA, 2011; 2013), in literacy studies (STREET, 2014; 2010; LEA; STREET, 2014) and in discursive studies (BAKHTIN, 2010, 2011) AUTHIER-REVUZ, 1990; 2004), this thesis aims to investigate “conflicts” which emerge from the written textual production of schoolchildren in middle school, in a dialogue established between these students and the school institution for social use of information and communication digital technologies (ICDT). The starting hypothesis is that these conflicts allow to observe a heterogeneity of literacies – understood as the presence of “other(s) (literacies of/and subjects) in written school textual production, but, to this non-restricted production – from what both school written textual production as, thus, social practices of subjects, are resultant. The general objective unfolds in others, specific ones: (i) to investigate major trends of compliance of the school written textual production activity, considering what was requested by the educational institution/teacher and what the student effectively achieved; (ii) to investigate linguistic discursive marks which indicate heterogeneity of literacies; (iii) to investigate how the student designs the (his/her) mode of participation in academic literacy practices and digital literacy practices; (iv) to present results that contribute to researches in Language Science and to reflection on Portuguese Language teaching public policies in Brazil. The whole material is constituted of: (i) two proposals of written production and (ii) 203 (two hundred and three) written textual production, based on these proposals, by students in then 5th and 6th grades (current 6th and 7th in Brazil educational system) from a São José do Rio Preto municipal public school, in 2008 (TENANI, 2015). The adoption of abductive based investigation procedures (GINZBURG, 1990; 1991) allowed to analyze the texts in groups according to regularities, namely: (i) the one in which the student asks a cousin/friend about ICDT, through a personal letter; (ii) the one in which the student answers a cousin/friend about ICDT, through personal letter; (iii) the one in which the student asks and answers about ICDT, without appropriating the personal letter genre; (iv) the one in which the student escapes the theme . Among the obtained results, it is noteworthy the constitutive aspects of a literacy in another – in other words, the impossibility of distinguishing reading and writing social practices which would be characteristics exclusively from school context, known as traditional, from the ones which would be characteristics exclusively from digital context, taken as novelty. It will thus contribute to literacy studies, based on the current idea that social practices of reading and writing would be a context or another exclusivity, which would lead to the defense of a homogeneity conception in each situated practice. The study of marks of literacies heterogeneity is relevant because it allows to show the language complexity, a dynamic ruled by socio-historical constitution of the subject with (in) the other, in otherness.
Based on an discursive ethnographical conception (CORRÊA, 2011; 2013), in literacy studies (STREET, 2014; 2010; LEA; STREET, 2014) and in discursive studies (BAKHTIN, 2010, 2011) AUTHIER-REVUZ, 1990; 2004), this thesis aims to investigate “conflicts” which emerge from the written textual production of schoolchildren in middle school, in a dialogue established between these students and the school institution for social use of information and communication digital technologies (ICDT). The starting hypothesis is that these conflicts allow to observe a heterogeneity of literacies – understood as the presence of “other(s) (literacies of/and subjects) in written school textual production, but, to this non-restricted production – from what both school written textual production as, thus, social practices of subjects, are resultant. The general objective unfolds in others, specific ones: (i) to investigate major trends of compliance of the school written textual production activity, considering what was requested by the educational institution/teacher and what the student effectively achieved; (ii) to investigate linguistic discursive marks which indicate heterogeneity of literacies; (iii) to investigate how the student designs the (his/her) mode of participation in academic literacy practices and digital literacy practices; (iv) to present results that contribute to researches in Language Science and to reflection on Portuguese Language teaching public policies in Brazil. The whole material is constituted of: (i) two proposals of written production and (ii) 203 (two hundred and three) written textual production, based on these proposals, by students in then 5th and 6th grades (current 6th and 7th in Brazil educational system) from a São José do Rio Preto municipal public school, in 2008 (TENANI, 2015). The adoption of abductive based investigation procedures (GINZBURG, 1990; 1991) allowed to analyze the texts in groups according to regularities, namely: (i) the one in which the student asks a cousin/friend about ICDT, through a personal letter; (ii) the one in which the student answers a cousin/friend about ICDT, through personal letter; (iii) the one in which the student asks and answers about ICDT, without appropriating the personal letter genre; (iv) the one in which the student escapes the theme . Among the obtained results, it is noteworthy the constitutive aspects of a literacy in another – in other words, the impossibility of distinguishing reading and writing social practices which would be characteristics exclusively from school context, known as traditional, from the ones which would be characteristics exclusively from digital context, taken as novelty. It will thus contribute to literacy studies, based on the current idea that social practices of reading and writing would be a context or another exclusivity, which would lead to the defense of a homogeneity conception in each situated practice. The study of marks of literacies heterogeneity is relevant because it allows to show the language complexity, a dynamic ruled by socio-historical constitution of the subject with (in) the other, in otherness.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Letramentos, Letramentos acadêmicos, Heterogeneidade, Discurso, Produção textual escolar escrita, Ensino fundamental II, Literacies, Academic literacies, Heterogeneity, Discourse, School written textual production, Middle school