Análise dos processos de negócios da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos de polpa de frutas a partir da relação entre agroindústria processadora e produtor rural familiar
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Data
2018-02-08
Autores
Gonella, Jéssica dos Santos Leite [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A complexidade atrelada à cadeia de suprimentos, assim como a importância econômica e social que a agricultura familiar representa para o país, são fatores que impulsionam a investigação científica. É notável o caráter dinâmico atrelado ao mundo dos negócios, sendo indissociável a implementação de estratégias necessárias a ultrapassar as adversidades impostas pelo ambiente. Nesse contexto, a presente pesquisa apresenta como objetivo geral, analisar quais são os gargalos para os processos de negócios da cadeia de suprimentos do setor de polpa de frutas, partir da relação entre agroindústria processadora e produtor rural familiar. O arcabouço teórico foi amparado pela Revisão Bibliográfica Sistemática (RBS), a qual proporcionou a identificação do estado da arte sobre Supply Chain Management (SCM) e processos de negócios, bem como serviu de base conceitual para a construção dos questionários de pesquisa. Para tanto, adotou-se como método o estudo de caso, o qual permitiu compreender a relação dial entre produtores rurais familiares e agroindústrias processadoras de polpa de frutas. Os dados foram colhidos por meio de questionários aplicados a quatro agroindústrias processadoras de polpa de frutas e 30 produtores rurais da região Oeste Paulista/SP. A análise dos dados foi amparada pela estatística descritiva e pelo método Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). Os resultados revelaram oito processos de negócios gargalos para os produtores rurais familiares e dois para as agroindústrias processadoras. Para os produtores rurais, encontrou-se os seguintes processos gargalos: Desenvolvimento de Produto e Comercialização II (0,555), Gestão de Retornos II (0,544), Gestão da Demanda I (0,524), Gestão do Relacionamento com o Ciente I (0,486), Gestão do Relacionamento com o Fornecedor II (0,478), Gestão do Fluxo de Manufatura I (0,447), Gestão de Retornos III (0,380) e Gestão da Demanda II (0,339). Já para as agroindústrias os processos de negócios gargalos foram Gestão de Retornos I (0,577) e Gestão de Retornos II (0,577). O estudo contribuiu para o entendimento da relação dial, bem como para o reconhecimento dos mercados institucionais no sentido de fortalecer o elo mais fraco da cadeia de suprimentos. Diante dos resultados aqui apresentados observa-se que a cadeia de suprimentos do setor de polpa de frutas enfrenta uma série de desafios. Tais desafios ultrapassam as fronteiras das propriedades rurais, incluindo fatores estruturais, históricos, sociais, culturais e organizacionais. No que tange os aspectos operacionais, é perceptível que a maioria dos agentes não estão dispostos a atuar com base nas vertentes de gestão propostas pela SCM. Para que isso ocorra, é fundamental que exista relações de interdependência e principalmente interesse mútuo na delimitação de parcerias e princípios cooperativos. Portanto, conclui-se que para alcançar a sinergia é necessário mais do que investimentos e amparo governamental, mas principalmente credibilidade, confiança e interesse em compartilhar informações estratégicas. A identificação dos processos de negócios gargalos se mostra importante a medida que permitiu traçar propostas que visam a superação dos gargalos e o alcance de melhor eficiência da cadeia de suprimentos. Como proposição para futuras pesquisas, sugere-se o desenvolvimento de um modelo de avaliação de cadeia de suprimentos do setor agroindustrial, que trate os problemas de acordo com suas especificidades particulares e encontre melhores soluções integradoras.
The complexity linked to the supply chain, as well as the economic and social importance that family agriculture represents for the country, are factors that drive scientific research. The dynamic nature of the business world is remarkable, and the strategies necessary to overcome the adversities imposed by the environment are inseparable. In this context, the present research aims to analyze the bottlenecks for the business processes of the supply chain of the fruit pulp sector, starting from the relationship between processing agroindustries and family farmer. The theoretical framework was supported by the Systematic Bibliographic Rreview (RBS), which provided the identification of the state of the art on Supply Chain Management (SCM) and business processes, as well as served as a conceptual basis for the construction of the research questionnaires. For this purpose, the case study was adopted as a method, which allowed the understanding of the dialectal relationship between family farmers and fruit pulp processing agro-industries. Data were collected through questionnaires applied to four pulp processing agroindustries and 30 rural producers from the West of São Paulo State. Data analysis was supported by descriptive statistics and the Gray Relational Analysis (GRA) method. The results revealed eight bottleneck business processes for the family farmers and two for the processing agroindustries. For rural producers, the following bottlenecks were found Product Development and commercialization II (0,555), Returns Management II Demand Management I (0.524), Customer Relationship Management I (0.486), Supplier Relationship Management II (0.478), Manufacturing Flow Management I (0,447), Returns Management III (0,380) and Demand Management II (0,339). For agribusiness, the bottleneck processes were: Customer Relationship Management I (0.786), Product Development and Commercialization I (0.760), Product Development and Commercialization II (0.718), Demand Management I (0.708), Returns Management I (0.577) and Returns Management II (0.577). The study contributed to the understanding of the dialect relationship, as well as to the recognition of the institutional markets in order to strengthen the weakest link in the supply chain. In view of the results presented here, it is observed that the supply chain of the fruit pulp sector faces a series of challenges. Such challenges extend beyond rural property boundaries, including structural, historical, social, cultural, and organizational factors. Regarding the operational aspects, it is noticeable that most agents are not willing to act based on the management aspects proposed by SCM. For this to occur, it is fundamental that there are relations of interdependence and mainly mutual interest in the delimitation of cooperative partnerships and principles. Therefore, it is concluded that achieving synergy requires more than investments and government support, but mainly credibility, trust, and interest in sharing strategic information. The identification of the bottleneck business processes is important as it allows to outline proposals that aim to overcome the bottlenecks and achieve better supply chain efficiency. As a proposal for future research, it is suggested the development of an agroindustrial supply chain evaluation model that addresses the problems according to their particular specificities and finds better integration solutions.
The complexity linked to the supply chain, as well as the economic and social importance that family agriculture represents for the country, are factors that drive scientific research. The dynamic nature of the business world is remarkable, and the strategies necessary to overcome the adversities imposed by the environment are inseparable. In this context, the present research aims to analyze the bottlenecks for the business processes of the supply chain of the fruit pulp sector, starting from the relationship between processing agroindustries and family farmer. The theoretical framework was supported by the Systematic Bibliographic Rreview (RBS), which provided the identification of the state of the art on Supply Chain Management (SCM) and business processes, as well as served as a conceptual basis for the construction of the research questionnaires. For this purpose, the case study was adopted as a method, which allowed the understanding of the dialectal relationship between family farmers and fruit pulp processing agro-industries. Data were collected through questionnaires applied to four pulp processing agroindustries and 30 rural producers from the West of São Paulo State. Data analysis was supported by descriptive statistics and the Gray Relational Analysis (GRA) method. The results revealed eight bottleneck business processes for the family farmers and two for the processing agroindustries. For rural producers, the following bottlenecks were found Product Development and commercialization II (0,555), Returns Management II Demand Management I (0.524), Customer Relationship Management I (0.486), Supplier Relationship Management II (0.478), Manufacturing Flow Management I (0,447), Returns Management III (0,380) and Demand Management II (0,339). For agribusiness, the bottleneck processes were: Customer Relationship Management I (0.786), Product Development and Commercialization I (0.760), Product Development and Commercialization II (0.718), Demand Management I (0.708), Returns Management I (0.577) and Returns Management II (0.577). The study contributed to the understanding of the dialect relationship, as well as to the recognition of the institutional markets in order to strengthen the weakest link in the supply chain. In view of the results presented here, it is observed that the supply chain of the fruit pulp sector faces a series of challenges. Such challenges extend beyond rural property boundaries, including structural, historical, social, cultural, and organizational factors. Regarding the operational aspects, it is noticeable that most agents are not willing to act based on the management aspects proposed by SCM. For this to occur, it is fundamental that there are relations of interdependence and mainly mutual interest in the delimitation of cooperative partnerships and principles. Therefore, it is concluded that achieving synergy requires more than investments and government support, but mainly credibility, trust, and interest in sharing strategic information. The identification of the bottleneck business processes is important as it allows to outline proposals that aim to overcome the bottlenecks and achieve better supply chain efficiency. As a proposal for future research, it is suggested the development of an agroindustrial supply chain evaluation model that addresses the problems according to their particular specificities and finds better integration solutions.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Supply Chain Management. SCM. Processos de Negócios. Fruticultura. Produtor Rural Familiar., Supply Chain Management. SCM. Business Process. Fruticulture. Family Farmer.