Epidemiologia da atividade física entre pacientes atendidos na atenção básica do SUS: coorte de 18 meses
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Data
2018-02-23
Autores
Orbolato, Rafael [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) é a principal fonte de serviços de saúde da população brasileira, onde aproximadamente 71,1% da população utilizam seus serviços. As Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNTs) exercem um impacto expressivo na morbidade e mortalidade da população. A Atividade Física (AF) é um importante recurso para promoção da saúde, controle da obesidade e principalmente para a prevenção de DCNTs. Objetivo: Investigar as mudanças na prática de AF e tempo de televisão em usuários do SUS durante um período de 18 meses e o impacto do gênero e tempo nessas variáveis, assim como relacionar se a prática de AF, ou a falta dela, influência nos gastos com saúde no SUS. Métodos: Foram avaliados 198 participantes (58 homens e 140 mulheres) durante um segmento de 18 meses, as avaliações ocorreram a cada seis meses. O Nível de AF foi mensurado através do questionário de Baecke, foram realizadas medidas antropométricas e hemodinâmicas (peso, estatura, IMC, circunferência de cintura, pressão arterial), a composição corporal foi analisada pela impedância bioelétrica, foram questionados também a respeito da condição econômica e gastos com saúde. Resultados: Foi verificado que homens apresentaram maiores escores em todas as variáveis de AF de deslocamentos (caminhada [p-valor 0,013], ciclismo [p-valor 0,001] e locomoção [p-valor 0,007]) quando comparados às mulheres, mas para comportamento sedentário não houve diferença significativa. Esses resultados ratificam as consistentes diferenças na prática de AF entre homens e mulheres, as quais são suportadas por fatores socioculturais. Pessoas que acumularam maior prática de ciclismo apresentaram menores valores para IMC (p-valor= 0,03), gordura corporal (p-valor= 0,001), onde o ciclismo explicou 2,4% e 8,6% dessas mudanças, respectivamente. Custos com saúde e maior prática de ciclismo foram negativamente relacionados, onde o ciclismo foi responsável por reduzir 2% de todos custos acumulados durante o período. Conclusão: Homens são usualmente mais ativos que mulheres em diferentes comportamentos relacionados à prática de atividade física e a prática de ciclismo impactou positivamente na redução dos custos com saúde na atenção primária e indicadores de adiposidade.
The Unified Health System (SUS) is the main source of health services for the Brazilian population, where approximately 71.1% of the population use their services. The Chronic Non-communicable Diseases (DCNTs) have a significant impact on the morbidity and mortality of the population. The Physical Activity (AF) is an important resource for health promotion, control of obesity and especially for the prevention of DCNTs. Objective: To investigate changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior in users of the Brazilian National Health System during 18 months and the impact of gender and time on such variables, as well to relate whether the practice of AF, or the lack of it, influence health expenditures in the SUS. Methods: 198 participants (58 men and 140 women) were assessed. Physical activity level was assessed using the Baecke questionnaire, anthropometrical and hemodynamic measures (weight, stature, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure) were performed, body composition was analyzed by bioelectrical impedance, were also questioned about the economic condition and health expenditures. Results: It was verified that men presented higher scores in all physical activity variables (walking [p-value 0.013], cycling [p-value 0.001] and locomotion [p-value 0.007]) when compared to women, but for sedentary behavior there was no significant difference between genders, which are supported by sociocultural factors. People who accumulated more cycling had lower values for BMI (p-value = 0.03), body fat (p-value = 0.001) where cycling explained for 2.4% and 8.6% of these changes, respectively. Costs with health and greater cycling were negatively related, where cycling was responsible for reducing 2% of all costs accumulated during the period. Conclusion: Men are usually more active than women in different domains of physical activity and changes through the time are similar between genders and cycling practice had a positive impact on the reduction of health care costs in primary care and adiposity indicators.
The Unified Health System (SUS) is the main source of health services for the Brazilian population, where approximately 71.1% of the population use their services. The Chronic Non-communicable Diseases (DCNTs) have a significant impact on the morbidity and mortality of the population. The Physical Activity (AF) is an important resource for health promotion, control of obesity and especially for the prevention of DCNTs. Objective: To investigate changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior in users of the Brazilian National Health System during 18 months and the impact of gender and time on such variables, as well to relate whether the practice of AF, or the lack of it, influence health expenditures in the SUS. Methods: 198 participants (58 men and 140 women) were assessed. Physical activity level was assessed using the Baecke questionnaire, anthropometrical and hemodynamic measures (weight, stature, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure) were performed, body composition was analyzed by bioelectrical impedance, were also questioned about the economic condition and health expenditures. Results: It was verified that men presented higher scores in all physical activity variables (walking [p-value 0.013], cycling [p-value 0.001] and locomotion [p-value 0.007]) when compared to women, but for sedentary behavior there was no significant difference between genders, which are supported by sociocultural factors. People who accumulated more cycling had lower values for BMI (p-value = 0.03), body fat (p-value = 0.001) where cycling explained for 2.4% and 8.6% of these changes, respectively. Costs with health and greater cycling were negatively related, where cycling was responsible for reducing 2% of all costs accumulated during the period. Conclusion: Men are usually more active than women in different domains of physical activity and changes through the time are similar between genders and cycling practice had a positive impact on the reduction of health care costs in primary care and adiposity indicators.
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Palavras-chave
Sistema Único de Saúde, Obesidade, Unified Health System, Obesity, Atividade motora, Doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, Gastos com saúde, Motor activity, Chronic non communicable diseases, Health expenditures