Influência das abordagens metodológicas na reconstrução filogenética de Ceriantharia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa)
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2018-03-06
Autores
Costa, Lucas Bassi
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O filo Cnidaria pode ser considerado um dos mais distintos do reino animal. Dentre suas subclasses, encontra-se Ceriantharia, constituída pelas anêmonas de tubo. Esses animais são até o momento um desafio para a sistemática, uma vez que após diversas propostas, nenhuma se fez unânime até o momento. Grande parte da divergência encontrada em classificar o grupo, deve-se aos métodos/materiais utilizados para análise. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho buscou, através de dados moleculares, estudar as relações de Ceriantharia dentre os Anthozoa e os demais Cnidaria e comparar os resultados obtidos pelos diferentes métodos de reconstruções filogenéticas. Para tal, foram utilizados marcadores ribossomais completos (28S e 18S). Por meio de softwares específicos, as sequências genéticas foram analisadas e as reconstruções foram realizadas seguindo dois dos métodos mais utilizados atualmente (máxima verossimilhança e inferência bayesiana). Tendo em mãos inúmeras ferramentas, o presente trabalho é uma oportunidade de gerar conhecimento e buscar conceitos mais precisos dentro da sistemática do grupo.
The Cnidaria phylum can be considered one of the most distinguished of the animal kingdom. Among them, there is the subclass Ceriantharia, constituted by the tube anemones. These animals are so far a challenge to systematics, since after several proposals, none has been considered as unanimous yet. Much of the divergence found in classifying the group is due to the methods / materials used for analysis. Thus, the present work sough trough molecular data, to study the relationships of Ceriantharia among the Anthozoa and the other Cnidaria and to compare the results obtained by the different methods of phylogenetic reconstruction. For this, complete ribosomal markers (28S and 18S), were used. By means of specific softwares, the genetic sequences were analyzed and the reconstruction were performed following two of the most commonly used methods (maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference). Having in hand numerous tools, the present work was a very important opportunity to generate knowledge and to search for more precise concepts within the systematics of the group.
The Cnidaria phylum can be considered one of the most distinguished of the animal kingdom. Among them, there is the subclass Ceriantharia, constituted by the tube anemones. These animals are so far a challenge to systematics, since after several proposals, none has been considered as unanimous yet. Much of the divergence found in classifying the group is due to the methods / materials used for analysis. Thus, the present work sough trough molecular data, to study the relationships of Ceriantharia among the Anthozoa and the other Cnidaria and to compare the results obtained by the different methods of phylogenetic reconstruction. For this, complete ribosomal markers (28S and 18S), were used. By means of specific softwares, the genetic sequences were analyzed and the reconstruction were performed following two of the most commonly used methods (maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference). Having in hand numerous tools, the present work was a very important opportunity to generate knowledge and to search for more precise concepts within the systematics of the group.
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Cnidaria, Filogenia, Bioinformática, Phylogeny, Bionformatic, Molecular markers, Marcadores moleculares