Morfologia testicular de anuros do Cerrado provenientes de área agrícola e unidade de conservação
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Data
2018-02-26
Autores
Rezende, Wadson Rodrigues
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As práticas agrícolas, além do desmatamento, carregam também inúmeros compostos químicos que apresentam grande toxicidade a organismos não alvos como os anuros, atuando como desreguladores endócrinos e interferindo nos processos biológicos como a reprodução. Neste contexto, foi promovida uma comparação da morfologia testicular e dos tipos celulares espermatogênicos de três espécies de anuros do cerrado (Dendropsophus minutus, Boana albopunctata, Physalaemus cuvieri), provenientes de ambientes agrícolas e unidade de conservação. Morfologicamente não foram evidenciadas alterações quanto a arquitetura testicular geral das espécies entre os ambientes amostrados. No entanto, observou-se diferença estatística entre os ambientes quando se avaliou morfométricamente os parâmetros testiculares área e diâmetro locular e também nas células germinativas. Dendropsophus minutus apresentou a maioria de seus atributos testiculares com menores médias no ambiente agrícola, mostrando-se mais susceptível as pressões agrícolas. Já. B. albopunctata, um outro hilídeo, respondeu de forma contraria as outras espécies, onde as maiores médias para área locular, espermatócitos e espermatozoides foram no ambiente agrícola. No entanto, para o leptodactilídeo P. cuvieri, constatou-se mais espermatozoides naqueles viventes em ambiente preservado. Em adição, a pigmentação testicular, característica dessa espécie, foi maior no ambiente agrícola, sugerindo que essas células podem conferir proteção frente a agentes xenobióticos, como os agroquímicos. É possível concluir que as espécies apresentam respostas diferentes quanto aos parâmetros testiculares frente a pressão antrópica de origem agrícola, podendo prejudicar os processos reprodutivos, consequentemente, afetando a manutenção das comunidades de anuros.
Agricultural practices, besides deforestation, also carry countless chemical compounds that present great toxicity to non-target organisms such as anurans, acting as endocrine disrupters and interfering in biological processes such as reproduction. In this context, a comparison of testicular morphology and spermatogenic cell types of three species of Cerrado anurans (Dendropsophus minutus, Boana albopunctata, Physalaemus cuvieri) from agricultural environments and conservation unit was promoted. Morphologically, there were no changes in the general testicular architecture of the species among the sampled environments. However, a statistical difference was observed when the testicular parameters, area and locular diameter, were evaluated morphometrically and also in the germinative cells between the environments. Dendropsophus minutus presented most of its testicular attributes with lower averages in the agricultural environment, showing to be more susceptible to agricultural pressures. However, B. albopunctata, another hylid,responded in a opposite manner to the other species, where the highest averages for locular area, spermatocytes and spermatozoa in the agricultural environment. However, for the leptodactylid P. cuvieri, more spermatozoa was found in those living in a preserved environment. In addition, the characteristic testicular pigmentation of this species was higher in the agricultural environment, suggesting that these cells may confer protection against xenobiotic agents, such as agrochemicals. It is possible to conclude that the species present different responses regarding the testicular parameters under anthropic pressure of agricultural origin, which may impair reproductive processes, consequently affecting the maintenance of anuran communities.
Agricultural practices, besides deforestation, also carry countless chemical compounds that present great toxicity to non-target organisms such as anurans, acting as endocrine disrupters and interfering in biological processes such as reproduction. In this context, a comparison of testicular morphology and spermatogenic cell types of three species of Cerrado anurans (Dendropsophus minutus, Boana albopunctata, Physalaemus cuvieri) from agricultural environments and conservation unit was promoted. Morphologically, there were no changes in the general testicular architecture of the species among the sampled environments. However, a statistical difference was observed when the testicular parameters, area and locular diameter, were evaluated morphometrically and also in the germinative cells between the environments. Dendropsophus minutus presented most of its testicular attributes with lower averages in the agricultural environment, showing to be more susceptible to agricultural pressures. However, B. albopunctata, another hylid,responded in a opposite manner to the other species, where the highest averages for locular area, spermatocytes and spermatozoa in the agricultural environment. However, for the leptodactylid P. cuvieri, more spermatozoa was found in those living in a preserved environment. In addition, the characteristic testicular pigmentation of this species was higher in the agricultural environment, suggesting that these cells may confer protection against xenobiotic agents, such as agrochemicals. It is possible to conclude that the species present different responses regarding the testicular parameters under anthropic pressure of agricultural origin, which may impair reproductive processes, consequently affecting the maintenance of anuran communities.
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Palavras-chave
Anfíbios, Arquitetura testicular, Espermatogênese, Agricultura, Amphibians, Testicular architecture, Spermatogenesis, Agriculture