O papel da generosidade no desenvolvimento da moral numa escola Waldorf
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Data
2018-02-07
Autores
Miranda, Silvio Vieira de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O desenvolvimento do juízo moral na criança é o foco da nossa pesquisa. Para Piaget a essência de toda moralidade deve ser procurada no respeito que o indivíduo adquire pelas regras. O objetivo do nosso trabalho é procurar identificar e analisar o papel da generosidade como componente do desenvolvimento moral nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental em uma escola Waldorf. Como objetivos específicos observamos e coletamos dados onde expressões de generosidade entre os alunos e entre esses e os professores ocorreram. A pesquisa foi realizada numa escola Waldorf, razão pela qual apresentamos os principais aspectos da Pedagogia Waldorf e em particular da escola onde a mesma ocorreu. Como embasamento teórico principal adotamos a teoria do desenvolvimento do juízo moral de Jean Piaget (1932). A pesquisa que apresentamos é de abordagem qualitativa, não se preocupando com representatividades numéricas, mas com o aprofundamento da compreensão de um determinado fenômeno, a saber: a expressão da generosidade em uma escola Waldorf. Foram participantes da pesquisa alunos dos três primeiros anos do ensino fundamental, entre 06 a 08 anos, de ambos os sexos. Também participaram os pais dos referidos alunos (pai ou mãe), num total de 30 pais de um total de 90 alunos, configurando 30% da totalidade. Participaram, ainda, 03 professores de classe1 , 01 de Língua Inglesa, 01 de música e 01 de trabalhos manuais. Os resultados demonstram que para os pais o desenvolvimento moral dos filhos é de extrema importância, que a generosidade está presente nas relações sociais das crianças no cotidiano escolar, nos ambientes livres ou nas atividades promovidas pelos professores, e que os professores conhecem o significado da generosidade e que as estimulam por intermédio das suas atividades. Como produto final da dissertação, elaboramos um livro, no qual apresentaremos atividades didáticas que demonstram o exercício da generosidade na práxis docente de uma escola Waldorf.
The development of moral judgment in the child is the focus of our research. For Piaget the essence of all morality must be sought in the respect that the individual acquires by the rules. The purpose of our work is to identify and analyze the role of generosity as a component of moral development in the early years of elementary school in a Waldorf school. As specific objectives we observed and collected data where expressions of generosity between students and between students and teachers occurred. The research was conducted at a Waldorf school, which is why we present the main aspects of Waldorf Education and in particular the school where it occurred. As the main theoretical basis we adopt the moral development theory of Jean Piaget (1932). The research we present is qualitative approach, not worrying about numerical representativities, but with the deepening of the understanding of a certain phenomenon, namely: the expression of generosity in a Waldorf school. Students of the first three years of elementary school, between 06 and 08 years old, of both sexes were participants of the research. The parents of these students (father or mother) also participated in a total of 30 parents out of a total of 90 students, making up 30% of the total. There were also 03 class teachers2 , 01 of English Language, 01 of music and 01 of manual works. The results show that for parents the moral development of children is of the utmost importance, that generosity is present in children's social relations in daily school life, in free environments or in the activities promoted by teachers, and that teachers know the meaning of generosity and that stimulate them through their activities. As the final product of the dissertation, we elaborated a book, in which we will present didactic activities that demonstrate the exercise of generosity in the teaching praxis of a Waldorf school. Keywords: Moral Development; Generosity; Waldorf School.
The development of moral judgment in the child is the focus of our research. For Piaget the essence of all morality must be sought in the respect that the individual acquires by the rules. The purpose of our work is to identify and analyze the role of generosity as a component of moral development in the early years of elementary school in a Waldorf school. As specific objectives we observed and collected data where expressions of generosity between students and between students and teachers occurred. The research was conducted at a Waldorf school, which is why we present the main aspects of Waldorf Education and in particular the school where it occurred. As the main theoretical basis we adopt the moral development theory of Jean Piaget (1932). The research we present is qualitative approach, not worrying about numerical representativities, but with the deepening of the understanding of a certain phenomenon, namely: the expression of generosity in a Waldorf school. Students of the first three years of elementary school, between 06 and 08 years old, of both sexes were participants of the research. The parents of these students (father or mother) also participated in a total of 30 parents out of a total of 90 students, making up 30% of the total. There were also 03 class teachers2 , 01 of English Language, 01 of music and 01 of manual works. The results show that for parents the moral development of children is of the utmost importance, that generosity is present in children's social relations in daily school life, in free environments or in the activities promoted by teachers, and that teachers know the meaning of generosity and that stimulate them through their activities. As the final product of the dissertation, we elaborated a book, in which we will present didactic activities that demonstrate the exercise of generosity in the teaching praxis of a Waldorf school. Keywords: Moral Development; Generosity; Waldorf School.
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Desenvolvimento moral, Generosidade, Escola Waldorf, Moral development, Generosity, Waldorf School