Fortificação da batata e biofortificação agronômica da beterraba com zinco
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Data
2018-02-20
Autores
Carmona, Victor Manuel Vergara
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A deficiência de zinco (Zn) afeta à população mundial há muito tempo e, apesar dos esforços realizados, o problema ainda não tem sido resolvido. Dessa forma, o incremento de Zn em hortaliças pode contribuir à diminuição do consumo inadequado do micronutriente. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do condicionamento osmótico com Zn sobre o aumento do teor do micronutriente em batata e beterraba. Para isto, tubérculos de batata foram condicionados em soluções com 0, 10, 20 e 30 mg mL-1 Zn (como sulfato) durante 12, 16, 20 e 24 horas, enquanto para utrículos de beterraba utilizaram-se concentrações de 0, 10 e 30 mg mL-1 Zn, como sulfato e cloreto, durante 12, 16, 20 e 24 horas e, posteriormente, cultivados em casa de vegetação em duas épocas diferentes (primavera de 2015 e outono-inverno de 2016). Em batata houve incremento do teor e biodisponibilidade de Zn nos tubérculos, principalmente, em função da concentração do micronutriente em solução, sendo que com 10 mg mL-1 Zn e 12 horas de condicionamento conseguiu-se substancial fortificação. Em beterraba, todas as características avaliadas nas plantas foram melhoradas com a presença de Zn em solução, principalmente como sulfato, sendo obtido com 30 mg mL-1 Zn maior teor de Zn na raiz, enquanto o tempo influenciou somente características de crescimento, sendo 16 horas o tratamento mais recomendável. Portanto, conclui-se que o condicionamento osmótico com Zn apresenta potencial para ser utilizada em programas de biofortificação agronômica dessas hortaliças.
Zinc (Zn) deficiency has affected the world's population for a long time, and despite the efforts made, the problem has not yet been resolved. Thus, the increase of Zn in vegetables can contribute to the reduction of inadequate micronutrient consumption. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Zn priming on the increase of micronutrient content in potato and beet. For this, potato tubers were primed in solutions with 0, 10, 20 and 30 mg mL-1 Zn (as sulfate) for 12, 16, 20 and 24 hours, while for beet utricles were used concentrations of 0, 10 and 30 mg mL-1 Zn, as sulfate and chloride, for 12, 16, 20 and 24 hours and then grown in a greenhouse at two different times (spring 2015 and autumn-winter 2016). In potato there was increase in the content and bioavailability of Zn in the tubers, mainly as a function of the concentration of the micronutrient in solution, and with 10 mg mL-1 Zn and 12 hours of priming a substantial fortification was achieved. In beet, all characteristics evaluated in the plants were improved with the presence of Zn in solution, mainly as sulfate, being obtained with 30 mg mL-1 Zn higher Zn content in the root, whereas the time influenced only growth characteristics, being 16 hours the most recommended treatment. Therefore, it is concluded that the Zn priming presents potential to be used in programs of agronomic biofortification of these vegetables.
Zinc (Zn) deficiency has affected the world's population for a long time, and despite the efforts made, the problem has not yet been resolved. Thus, the increase of Zn in vegetables can contribute to the reduction of inadequate micronutrient consumption. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Zn priming on the increase of micronutrient content in potato and beet. For this, potato tubers were primed in solutions with 0, 10, 20 and 30 mg mL-1 Zn (as sulfate) for 12, 16, 20 and 24 hours, while for beet utricles were used concentrations of 0, 10 and 30 mg mL-1 Zn, as sulfate and chloride, for 12, 16, 20 and 24 hours and then grown in a greenhouse at two different times (spring 2015 and autumn-winter 2016). In potato there was increase in the content and bioavailability of Zn in the tubers, mainly as a function of the concentration of the micronutrient in solution, and with 10 mg mL-1 Zn and 12 hours of priming a substantial fortification was achieved. In beet, all characteristics evaluated in the plants were improved with the presence of Zn in solution, mainly as sulfate, being obtained with 30 mg mL-1 Zn higher Zn content in the root, whereas the time influenced only growth characteristics, being 16 hours the most recommended treatment. Therefore, it is concluded that the Zn priming presents potential to be used in programs of agronomic biofortification of these vegetables.
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Palavras-chave
Solanum tuberosum L, Beta vulgaris var. vulgaris, micronutriente, biofortificação, ácido fítico, valor nutricional, micronutrient, biofortification, phityc acid