Bebidas e bebedores no norte do Brasil à época da conquista holandesa, 1624-1654
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Data
2018-03-14
Autores
Gurian, Gabriel Ferreira
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Na primeira metade do século XVII, a presença dos holandeses no norte do Brasil em função do empreendimento conduzido pela Companhia Neerlandesa das Índias Ocidentais com o intuito de conquistar aquelas terras legou um volumoso montante de cartas, relatórios, missivas, provisões, crônicas, tratados, diários e narrativas de viagem, fazendo do chamado “tempo dos flamengos” um dos períodos mais bem documentados da época colonial brasileira. Nestes textos, encontram-se descrições de aspectos administrativos da conquista batava, das condições de produção açucareira, dos conflitos e pelejas entre lusos e neerlandeses, e também de vários contornos do cotidiano das gentes que então coabitavam os territórios setentrionais da América portuguesa. Em meio a esses registros, vê-se também diversas notas sobre variadas práticas em torno das bebidas embriagantes, protagonizadas pelos diferentes grupos radicados naquelas paragens – portugueses, neerlandeses, povos indígenas e escravos africanos –, e registradas por múltiplos letrados, desde a investida e ocupação batava na Baía de Todos os Santos, em 1624, até sua derrota e expulsão de Pernambuco, em 1654. Considerando a vasta e variada documentação, a pluralidade dos atores que bebiam e a particular presença dos holandeses no contexto colonial brasileiro, o presente estudo objetiva mapear os contornos do beber nos registros escritos ao longo dos trinta anos da sistemática presença batava na colônia portuguesa deste lado do Atlântico. Busca-se, pois, identificar os diferentes papéis dos licores e da embriaguez em cada grupo social, os usos e aplicações das bebidas, além dos juízos e impressões sobre as várias práticas de beber que foram observadas e relatadas pelos coevos.
In the first half of the seventeenth century, the presence of the Dutch in the north of Brazil as a result of the enterprise led by the Dutch West India Company aiming to conquer those lands bequeathed a large number of letters, reports, missives, provisions, chronicles, treatises, journals and travel narratives, making the so-called “Flemish time” one of the best documented periods of Brazilian colonial times. In these texts there are descriptions of administrative aspects of the conquest, conditions of sugar production, conflicts and combats between Portuguese and Dutch, as well as of various outlines of the daily life of the peoples who then cohabited the northern territories of Portuguese America. In the midst of these testimonies, there are also several notes on various practices related to drinking carried out by the different groups settled in those lands – Portuguese, Dutch, indigenous peoples and African slaves – and registered by multiple literates, from 1624, during the Flemish attack and occupation of the Baía de Todos os Santos, until the Dutch defeat and expulsion from Pernambuco in 1654. Taking into account the vast and varied documentation, the plurality of actors who drank and the particular presence of the Flemings in the Brazilian colonial context, this study aims to map the different aspects of drinking in the documents written throughout the thirty years of systematic Dutch presence in the Portuguese colony on this side of the Atlantic. The objective is, therefore, to identify the different roles played by liquors and drunkenness in each social group, beverage uses and applications, in addition to the judgments and impressions of the various drinking practices that were observed and reported by the contemporaries.
In the first half of the seventeenth century, the presence of the Dutch in the north of Brazil as a result of the enterprise led by the Dutch West India Company aiming to conquer those lands bequeathed a large number of letters, reports, missives, provisions, chronicles, treatises, journals and travel narratives, making the so-called “Flemish time” one of the best documented periods of Brazilian colonial times. In these texts there are descriptions of administrative aspects of the conquest, conditions of sugar production, conflicts and combats between Portuguese and Dutch, as well as of various outlines of the daily life of the peoples who then cohabited the northern territories of Portuguese America. In the midst of these testimonies, there are also several notes on various practices related to drinking carried out by the different groups settled in those lands – Portuguese, Dutch, indigenous peoples and African slaves – and registered by multiple literates, from 1624, during the Flemish attack and occupation of the Baía de Todos os Santos, until the Dutch defeat and expulsion from Pernambuco in 1654. Taking into account the vast and varied documentation, the plurality of actors who drank and the particular presence of the Flemings in the Brazilian colonial context, this study aims to map the different aspects of drinking in the documents written throughout the thirty years of systematic Dutch presence in the Portuguese colony on this side of the Atlantic. The objective is, therefore, to identify the different roles played by liquors and drunkenness in each social group, beverage uses and applications, in addition to the judgments and impressions of the various drinking practices that were observed and reported by the contemporaries.
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Palavras-chave
Bebidas, Embriaguez, Brasil holandês, Drinks, Dutch Brazil, Drunkenness