Arquivos pessoais: institucionalizações e trajetórias
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Arquivos
Data
2018-03-19
Autores
Duarte, Renato Crivelli [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar os processos simbólicos que revestem e conduzem a incorporação de arquivos pessoais por entidades de custódia no Brasil. O problema desta pesquisa encontra-se na questão: De que forma se constituiu, no Brasil, um imaginário que fundamenta e regula a prática de institucionalização dos arquivos pessoais? Esta questão se estrutura a partir da hipótese que de as instituições analisadas estabeleceram e instituíram um imaginário no qual a institucionalização de arquivos pessoais representa uma forma renovada de legitimação de elementos sociais já instituídos na sociedade. Como uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, a metodologia utilizada se estrutura em levantamento bibliográfico e documental, com o uso de bibliografia, nacional e estrangeira, especializada em arquivos pessoais e documentos históricos, de modo que fornecesse as bases para os debates que são desenvolvidos. Como pesquisa documental, nos utilizamos dos processos de incorporação de acervos produzidos pelas entidades analisadas. A proposta de utilizar este corpus documental se justifica pela busca por elementos que fornecessem subsídios para compreender as circunstâncias que circundam o trabalho de seleção e incorporação de arquivos pessoais por estas instituições. Foram realizadas também entrevistas com agentes que atuaram especificamente nestes processos de incorporação de arquivos pessoais nas entidades analisadas. Como recorte temporal, foi escolhido o período em que, reconhecidamente, o Brasil passa por um crescimento exponencial de instituições de custódia de arquivos pessoais. Este período se localiza entre os anos 1960 e 1990. Assim, foram escolhidas três entidades criadas neste período: Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros (IEB), Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil (CPDOC) e Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins. Analisamos as formas e processos de incorporação de arquivos pessoais por estas instituições no período que se inicia com suas fundações, finalizando no ano de 1999. Esta data limite foi estabelecida levando em consideração que a partir deste momento os debates que envolvem a implantação de políticas de acervo pelas instituições arquivísticas brasileiras ganharam fôlego e passaram a regular este processo de forma mais objetiva. Após a análise contextual dos processos de incorporação de 43 arquivos pessoais, em associação aos depoimentos de 06 agentes envolvidos neste trabalho nas entidades analisadas, pudemos concluir que a seleção de arquivos pessoais para a preservação segue padrões estabelecidos pelas áreas acadêmicas responsáveis por desenvolverem pesquisas nestas entidades. O estabelecimento de valores de preservação aos arquivos pessoais encontra-se subordinado aos interesses da pesquisa acadêmica desenvolvida em cada uma das instituições. Mais do que uma questão de temática que define a identidade organizacional de cada entidade analisada, a preservação de arquivos pessoais compete a uma legitimação estabelecida a partir das autoridades dos agentes – docentes e pesquisadores – representantes do saber/poder dos campos de conhecimento. A academia, considerada como uma instituição social detentora de poder social, se fundamenta em seus próprios preceitos de saber/poder, já definidos e legitimados, para estabelecer a preservação de arquivos pessoais. Este cenário, pelo ponto de vista da memória e da identidade social, se configura como um processo heterônomo de preservação de bens histórico-culturais, onde poucos agentes são autorizados a construir o acervo coletivo de documentos históricos e determinar aquilo com o que toda a comunidade deve se identificar e se lembrar.
This research aims to analyze the symbolic processes that cover and conduct the personal archives’ incorporation by safekeeping entities in Brazil. The problem of this research lies in the question: How was constituted, in Brazil, an ideal that substantiate and regulate the personal archives’ institutionalization practice? This question structures itself from the hypothesis that the analyzed institutions – and it is believed to the rest that do not integrate documental research – established and founded an ideal in which the institutionalization of personal archives represents a renewed form of legitimation of social elements already instituted in the society. As a qualitative nature research, the used methodology is structured in bibliographical and documental search, with the use of Brazilian and foreign bibliography, specialized in personal archives and historical documents, in a way that would provide the groundwork to the debates that will be developed. As documental research, we gathered from processes of collection incorporations produced by the analyzed institutions. The proposal to utilize such documental corpus is justified by the search of elements that would supply subsidies to comprehend the circumstances that surround the personal archives selection and incorporation work by these institutions. There was also interviews with agents that worked specifically in these personal archives incorporation processes by the analyzed entities. As a temporal cut, it was chosen the period in which, admittedly, Brazil goes through an exponential growth of personal archives safekeeping institutions. This period is located between the years 1960 and 1990. Thereby, three entities created in this period were chosen: Brazilian Studies Institute (Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros, IEB), Center of Research and Documentation of Brazilian Contemporary History (Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil, CPDOC) and the Museum of Astronomy and Related Sciences (Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins, MAST). We analyzed the personal archives incorporation processes and modes by these institutions in the period that start with their foundations, ending in the year of 1999. This limit date is established considering that from this moment the debates that involve the implantation of collection policies by the Brazilian archival institutions took momentum and start regulating this processes. After the contextual analysis of the incorporation processes of 43 personal archives, along with the testimony of 06 agents involved in this work in the analyzed entities, we could conclude that the selection of personal archives for preservation follows standards established by the academic fields responsible for the development of researches in these entities. The establishment of preservation values to the personal archives is subordinated to the interests of the academic research developed in each institution. More than a matter of theme that defines the organizational identity of each analyzed entity, the preservation of personal archives is up to a legitimation established by the authorities of the agents – professors and researchers – representatives of the know/power of the knowledge fields. The academy, considered as a social institution holder of social power, grounds itself in its own know/power precepts, already defined and legitimated, to establish the personal archives’ preservation. This scenario, from the memory and social identity’s standpoint, is set as heteronomous processes of historic-cultural assets’ preservation, where few agents are authorized to build the collective collections of historic documents and define what the whole community must identify itself with and to remember.
This research aims to analyze the symbolic processes that cover and conduct the personal archives’ incorporation by safekeeping entities in Brazil. The problem of this research lies in the question: How was constituted, in Brazil, an ideal that substantiate and regulate the personal archives’ institutionalization practice? This question structures itself from the hypothesis that the analyzed institutions – and it is believed to the rest that do not integrate documental research – established and founded an ideal in which the institutionalization of personal archives represents a renewed form of legitimation of social elements already instituted in the society. As a qualitative nature research, the used methodology is structured in bibliographical and documental search, with the use of Brazilian and foreign bibliography, specialized in personal archives and historical documents, in a way that would provide the groundwork to the debates that will be developed. As documental research, we gathered from processes of collection incorporations produced by the analyzed institutions. The proposal to utilize such documental corpus is justified by the search of elements that would supply subsidies to comprehend the circumstances that surround the personal archives selection and incorporation work by these institutions. There was also interviews with agents that worked specifically in these personal archives incorporation processes by the analyzed entities. As a temporal cut, it was chosen the period in which, admittedly, Brazil goes through an exponential growth of personal archives safekeeping institutions. This period is located between the years 1960 and 1990. Thereby, three entities created in this period were chosen: Brazilian Studies Institute (Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros, IEB), Center of Research and Documentation of Brazilian Contemporary History (Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil, CPDOC) and the Museum of Astronomy and Related Sciences (Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins, MAST). We analyzed the personal archives incorporation processes and modes by these institutions in the period that start with their foundations, ending in the year of 1999. This limit date is established considering that from this moment the debates that involve the implantation of collection policies by the Brazilian archival institutions took momentum and start regulating this processes. After the contextual analysis of the incorporation processes of 43 personal archives, along with the testimony of 06 agents involved in this work in the analyzed entities, we could conclude that the selection of personal archives for preservation follows standards established by the academic fields responsible for the development of researches in these entities. The establishment of preservation values to the personal archives is subordinated to the interests of the academic research developed in each institution. More than a matter of theme that defines the organizational identity of each analyzed entity, the preservation of personal archives is up to a legitimation established by the authorities of the agents – professors and researchers – representatives of the know/power of the knowledge fields. The academy, considered as a social institution holder of social power, grounds itself in its own know/power precepts, already defined and legitimated, to establish the personal archives’ preservation. This scenario, from the memory and social identity’s standpoint, is set as heteronomous processes of historic-cultural assets’ preservation, where few agents are authorized to build the collective collections of historic documents and define what the whole community must identify itself with and to remember.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Arquivos pessoais, Valor histórico, Instituições, Imaginário, Personal archives, Historical value, Institutions, Imaginary