Espalhamento de gotas de fungicidas em associação com adjuvantes sobre superfícies vegetais e artificiais
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2018-04-09
Autores
Decaro, Ricardo Augusto [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os estudos e pesquisas em Tecnologia de Aplicação são importantes para aperfeiçoar a aplicação de caldas no Brasil e no mundo. Conhecer o efeito de caldas contendo diferentes produtos fitossanitários e adjuvantes em relação a diferentes superfícies vegetais é muito importante para posicionar as melhores combinações de caldas, visando promover assim, o efeito desejado da gota no alvo. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o espalhamento de gotas de caldas fitossanitárias contendo dois fungicidas amplamente usados na agricultura em associação com adjuvantes, além de água, sobre diferentes superfícies vegetais. Foram realizados experimentos para avaliações de tensão superficial, ângulo de contato, área molhada pela gota e espectro do tamanho de gotas produzidas pela ponta XR 11002 das diferentes caldas fitossanitárias. As superfícies analisadas foram folhas de citros, café, milho, soja, algodão, cana, vidro e parafilme. O delineamento foi inteiramente ao acaso no esquema fatorial 2 (fungicidas) x 5 (adjuvantes) + 1 (água) para as variáveis tensão superficial e espectro de tamanho de gotas e 2(fungicidas) x 2 (superfícies abaxiais e adaxiais) x 5 (adjuvantes) + 1 (água) para as variáveis ângulo de contato e área molhada de gotas considerando as superfícies adaxiais e abaxiais de cada espécie, Para comparar as diferentes superfícies vegetais e artificiais foi utilizado delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com oito tratamentos representados pelas superfícies utilizando água, e as caldas com fungicidas sem adjuvantes separadamente. Os valores dos dados obtidos submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas entre si pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05). O uso de adjuvantes associados às caldas fungicidas promoveu reduções nos valores de tensão superficial com consequência no aumento de tamanho de gotas evitando, assim, maiores perdas por deriva, além de melhorar a uniformidade das gotas. Verificou-se que o uso dos adjuvantes em associação com os fungicidas contribuem com a redução do ângulo de contato das gotas melhorando o espalhamento sobre as diferentes superfícies, com destaque ao adjuvante siliconado. As folhas de soja se destacaram por apresentarem o menor espalhamento de gotas sobre sua superfície adaxial e abaxial seguida pelas superfícies de citros, parafilme, cana, café algodão, milho e vidro. A ocorrência de diferenças de espalhamento entre as superfícies adaxiais e abaxiais bem como a sua intensidade dependem da espécie vegetal e do produto utilizado.
The studies and researches in Application Technology are important to improve the application of spraying liquids in Brazil and in the world. Knowing the effect of spraying liquids containing different plant protection products and adjuvants in relation to different leaf surfaces is very important to position the best combinations of spraying liquids, in order to promote the desired effect of the droplet on the target. In this way, the present work had as objective to evaluate the spreading of spraying liquids containing two widely used fungicides in agriculture in association with adjuvants, besides water, on different vegetal and artificial surfaces. It were carried out experiments to analyse the surface tension, contact angle, droplet wet area and the droplet size produced by the XR 11002 tip of the different treatments. The analyzed surfaces were leaves of citrus, coffee, corn, soybean, cotton, cane, glass and parafilm. The design was entirely randomized in the 2 (fungicides) x 5 (adjuvants) + 1 (water) factorial scheme for the variables surface tension and droplet size and 2 (fungicides) x 2 (adaxial and abaxial surfaces) x 5 (adjuvants) + 1 (water) for the variables contact angle and wetted area of droplets considering the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the leaves, In order to compare the different vegetal and artificial surfaces, a completely randomized design was used with eight treatments represented by the surfaces using water, and the fungicides without adjuvants separately. The values of the obtained data were submitted to the analysis of variance and the averages compared to each other by the Tukey's test (p <0.05). The use of adjuvants associated with the fungicidal spraying liquids promoted reductions in the values of surface tension with consequent increase in the droplet size, thus avoiding greater drift losses, besides improving the uniformity of the droplets. It has been found that the use of the adjuvants in association with the fungicides contributes to the reduction of the contact angle of the droplets improving the spreading, with emphasis on the siliconized adjuvant. The soybean leaves showed the smallest spreading of droplets on their adaxial and abaxial surface followed by the surfaces of citrus, parafilm, sugar cane, cotton, coffee, corn and glass. The occurrence of spreading differences between the adaxial and abaxial surfaces as well as their intensity depends on the plant species and the product used.
The studies and researches in Application Technology are important to improve the application of spraying liquids in Brazil and in the world. Knowing the effect of spraying liquids containing different plant protection products and adjuvants in relation to different leaf surfaces is very important to position the best combinations of spraying liquids, in order to promote the desired effect of the droplet on the target. In this way, the present work had as objective to evaluate the spreading of spraying liquids containing two widely used fungicides in agriculture in association with adjuvants, besides water, on different vegetal and artificial surfaces. It were carried out experiments to analyse the surface tension, contact angle, droplet wet area and the droplet size produced by the XR 11002 tip of the different treatments. The analyzed surfaces were leaves of citrus, coffee, corn, soybean, cotton, cane, glass and parafilm. The design was entirely randomized in the 2 (fungicides) x 5 (adjuvants) + 1 (water) factorial scheme for the variables surface tension and droplet size and 2 (fungicides) x 2 (adaxial and abaxial surfaces) x 5 (adjuvants) + 1 (water) for the variables contact angle and wetted area of droplets considering the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the leaves, In order to compare the different vegetal and artificial surfaces, a completely randomized design was used with eight treatments represented by the surfaces using water, and the fungicides without adjuvants separately. The values of the obtained data were submitted to the analysis of variance and the averages compared to each other by the Tukey's test (p <0.05). The use of adjuvants associated with the fungicidal spraying liquids promoted reductions in the values of surface tension with consequent increase in the droplet size, thus avoiding greater drift losses, besides improving the uniformity of the droplets. It has been found that the use of the adjuvants in association with the fungicides contributes to the reduction of the contact angle of the droplets improving the spreading, with emphasis on the siliconized adjuvant. The soybean leaves showed the smallest spreading of droplets on their adaxial and abaxial surface followed by the surfaces of citrus, parafilm, sugar cane, cotton, coffee, corn and glass. The occurrence of spreading differences between the adaxial and abaxial surfaces as well as their intensity depends on the plant species and the product used.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tecnologia de Aplicação, Tensão superficial, ângulo de contato, área molhada, Application Technology, surfasse tension, contact angle, wetted area