Sintomas depressivos no puerpério imediato: ocorrência e fatores de risco
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Data
2018-02-28
Autores
Poles, Marcela Muzel
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Aproximadamente 10% das gestantes e 13% das puérperas vivenciam algum transtorno mental, inclusive a depressão, condição que dificulta a vivência da maternidade. Os fatores que levam à depressão perinatal ainda não estão completamente elucidados, em especial aspectos sociodemográficos. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a ocorrência e fatores de risco para sintomas depressivos maternos no puerpério imediato. Trata-se de estudo epidemiológico e transversal com 1099 puérperas. A presença de sintomas depressivos foi obtida com a escala Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), adotando-se ponto de corte ≥10. Fatores associados aos sintomas depressivos foram investigados por regressão logística múltipla. Houve 6,7% de puérperas com sintomas depressivos. Uso de medicação antidepressiva, violência sofrida na gestação e operação cesariana aumentaram as chances de sintomas depressivos no puerpério imediato em duas, quatro e duas vezes, respectivamente. Reconhecer os sintomas depressivos precocemente, ainda com as puérperas nas maternidades, pode contribuir de forma a reduzir as chances de depressão pós-parto futura, bem como encorajar ações preventivas da equipe de saúde com o cuidado materno e neonatal.
About 10% of pregnant women and 13% of the puerperae experience some mental disorder, including depression, a condition that makes the experience of motherhood difficult. The factors that lead to perinatal depression are still not fully elucidated, especially sociodemographic ones. Our objective with this study was to investigate occurrence and risk factors for maternal depressive symptoms in the immediate puerperium. It is an epidemiological and transversal study with 1099 puerperae. We obtained the presence of depressive symptoms using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) scale, with a cut-off point of ≥10. Factors associated with depressive symptoms were investigated by multiple logistic regression. There were 6.7% of the puerperae with depressive symptoms. The use of antidepressant medication, gestational violence and cesarean section increased the odds of depressive symptoms in the immediate puerperium in two, four, and two times, respectively. Recognizing depressive symptoms early on, with the puerperae still inside maternity wards, can contribute to reduce the chances of future postpartum depression, as well as encourage preventive actions of the health team with maternal and neonatal care.
About 10% of pregnant women and 13% of the puerperae experience some mental disorder, including depression, a condition that makes the experience of motherhood difficult. The factors that lead to perinatal depression are still not fully elucidated, especially sociodemographic ones. Our objective with this study was to investigate occurrence and risk factors for maternal depressive symptoms in the immediate puerperium. It is an epidemiological and transversal study with 1099 puerperae. We obtained the presence of depressive symptoms using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) scale, with a cut-off point of ≥10. Factors associated with depressive symptoms were investigated by multiple logistic regression. There were 6.7% of the puerperae with depressive symptoms. The use of antidepressant medication, gestational violence and cesarean section increased the odds of depressive symptoms in the immediate puerperium in two, four, and two times, respectively. Recognizing depressive symptoms early on, with the puerperae still inside maternity wards, can contribute to reduce the chances of future postpartum depression, as well as encourage preventive actions of the health team with maternal and neonatal care.
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assistência perinatal, período pós-parto, depressão pós-parto, epidemiologia analítica, fatores de risco, perinatal assistance, postpartum period, postpartum depression, analytical epidemiology, risk factors