Mulheres e carnavais na cidade do Rio de Janeiro: representações do corpo (1961-1980)
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Data
2018-03-01
Autores
Maziero, Ellen Karin Dainese
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta tese se propõe a investigar as representações da imprensa quanto à presença das mulheres nos carnavais da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, entre 1961 e 1980, período de questionamentos e mudanças nos papéis femininos e de redefinições na própria festa carnavalesca. Considerado um festejo libidinoso, o carnaval propiciava ambientes mais livres para transgressão de antigas normas morais e, também, para reafirmação dos novos valores em construção na época. Nesse tipo de festividade, as mulheres buscavam formas mais explícitas para extravasar sua sensualidade e colocar em xeque valores e costumes tradicionais. As mudanças ocorridas no Brasil nos anos em estudo, especialmente a chamada revolução sexual e as demandas provenientes do movimento feminista, provocaram transformações irreversíveis no modo de viver de muitas mulheres e lhes permitiram maior liberdade de ação. No entanto, a progressiva comercialização do carnaval e a erotização do corpo feminino ocorrida na sociedade mais ampla trouxeram contornos mais sexuais para as posturas assumidas pelas mulheres nessas celebrações e para as representações da imprensa. A partir da cobertura dos carnavais realizada pela imprensa periódica – O Cruzeiro, Manchete e O Globo –, de charges e fotografias publicadas nas revistas selecionadas e de depoimentos orais de mulheres envolvidas nos festejos carnavalescos, pretende-se examinar a especificidade da presença feminina nessas festividades, bem como suas transgressões às proibições e normas existentes na sociedade da época.
This dissertation was carried out to investigate representations produced by the press concerning the presence of women in carnival revelries held in Rio de Janeiro from 1961 to 1980, period of questionings and changes in the roles played by women and of redefinitions of the very carnival celebration. Viewed as a kind of libidinous festivity, carnival provided favorable surroundings for transgression of old moral rules and, also, for the reaffirmation of new values in progress at that time. In this kind of festivity, women searched for more explicit ways to let out their sensuality and keep in check traditional values and customs. The changes which took place in Brazil in the period at issue, mainly the so called sexual revolution and the demands resulted from feminist movements, caused irreversible changes in the way of living of many women and allowed them to enjoy freedom of action. However, the advancing commercialization of carnival and the eroticizing trend of the female body within a wider scope of society brought about more sexual profiles for the posture adopted by women in such festivities and for the representations produced by the press. From the coverage of carnivals by the periodicals – O Cruzeiro, Manchete and O Globo –, of cartoons and photographs publishied in the selected magazines and from oral testimonies given by women involved in carnival revelries, one tries to assess the specificity of women's presence in such festivities, as well as their transgressions of prohibitions and rules prevailing within the society of the period at issue.
This dissertation was carried out to investigate representations produced by the press concerning the presence of women in carnival revelries held in Rio de Janeiro from 1961 to 1980, period of questionings and changes in the roles played by women and of redefinitions of the very carnival celebration. Viewed as a kind of libidinous festivity, carnival provided favorable surroundings for transgression of old moral rules and, also, for the reaffirmation of new values in progress at that time. In this kind of festivity, women searched for more explicit ways to let out their sensuality and keep in check traditional values and customs. The changes which took place in Brazil in the period at issue, mainly the so called sexual revolution and the demands resulted from feminist movements, caused irreversible changes in the way of living of many women and allowed them to enjoy freedom of action. However, the advancing commercialization of carnival and the eroticizing trend of the female body within a wider scope of society brought about more sexual profiles for the posture adopted by women in such festivities and for the representations produced by the press. From the coverage of carnivals by the periodicals – O Cruzeiro, Manchete and O Globo –, of cartoons and photographs publishied in the selected magazines and from oral testimonies given by women involved in carnival revelries, one tries to assess the specificity of women's presence in such festivities, as well as their transgressions of prohibitions and rules prevailing within the society of the period at issue.
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Palavras-chave
Representações, Imprensa e Carnaval, Corpo, Mulheres Cariocas, Transgressão, Representations, The press and Carnival, Body, Women from Rio de Janeiro, Transgression