Fontes e concentrações de silício foliar na produção e na qualidade da acelga e da couve
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2018-03-16
Autores
Souza, José Zenóbio de
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O silício (Si) é um elemento benéfico para as plantas que pode incrementar seu crescimento em condições de estresse e ainda refletir na qualidade, mas cujos efeitos não são conhecidos com a aplicação foliar do elemento na acelga e na couve, objetivou-se avaliar fontes e concentrações de Si via foliar na produção e na qualidade da acelga e da couve. Realizaram-se dois experimentos em casa de vegetação com acelga (Beta vulgaris var. cicla), cultivar verde-escura, e com couve (Brassica oleracea L var. acephala), cultivar manteiga-da-geórgia, em sistema de cultivo hidropônico, em vasos com areia contendo uma planta, cultivadas com a média da temperatura máxima de 43,1 °C ± 10,6 °C. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em delineamento inteiramente casualizados, com oito tratamentos e quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, sendo duas fontes de Si, silicato de potássio (Si = 128 g L-1; K2O = 126,5 g L-1) e silicato de potássio e sódio estabilizado (Si = 115 g L-1; K2O = 19 g L-1), e quatro concentrações (0,00; 0,84; 1,68 e 2,52 g L-1) de Si. Realizaram-se três pulverizações foliares a cada 10 dias, iniciando aos 20 dias após o transplantio (DAT). As plantas de acelga e de couve foram colhidas aos 48 e 54 (DAT), respectivamente. Avaliaram-se a altura das plantas, a massa da matéria fresca, o teor de vitamina C (Ascorbato), a perda de água durante o armazenamento, massa da matéria seca, o teor e o acúmulo de Si nas folhas. A aplicação de Si foliar é viável para hortaliças folhosas de acelga e couve, pois incrementou o teor e o acúmulo do elemento, o crescimento, a produção, e melhorou a qualidade, inclusive a biofortificação, destacando-se a concentração de Si foliar de 2,52 g L-1 na forma de silicato de potássio.
Silicon (Si) is a beneficial element for plants. Its usage can increase plant growth under stressful conditions and still improve plant quality, but these effects are still unknown with foliar application of the element in chard and kale. This aim of this study was to evaluate sources and concentrations of Si leaf fertilization on the production and quality of chard and kale. Two experiments were carried out in a greenhouse with chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla), “verde-escura” cultivar and kale (Brassica oleracea L var. acephala), “manteiga-da-geórgia” cultivar using a hydroponic culture system in pots filled with sand containing one plant each, grown under the mean maximum temperature of 43.1 °C ± 10.6 °C. The experiments were carried out under a completely randomized design with eight treatments and four replications in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme and two sources of silicon: potassium silicate (Si = 128 g L-1, K2O = 126.5 g L-1) and (Si = 115 g L-1, K2O = 19.0 g L-1) and four concentrations (0.00; 0.84; 1.68 and 2.52 g L-1). We performed three leaf sprays every 10 days, starting at 20 days after transplanting (DAT). The chard and kale plants were harvested at 48 and 54 (DAT), respectively. We evaluated plant height, fresh matter mass, vitamin C content (Ascorbate), water loss during storage, dry matter mass, Si content, and Si accumulation in the leaves. Si leaf fertilization is viable for leafy vegetables as chard and kale, because this fertilization increased the content and the accumulation of Si, growth, production, and also improved the quality, including the biofortification, where the Si leaf concentration of 2.52 g L-1 as potassium silicate was highlighted.
Silicon (Si) is a beneficial element for plants. Its usage can increase plant growth under stressful conditions and still improve plant quality, but these effects are still unknown with foliar application of the element in chard and kale. This aim of this study was to evaluate sources and concentrations of Si leaf fertilization on the production and quality of chard and kale. Two experiments were carried out in a greenhouse with chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla), “verde-escura” cultivar and kale (Brassica oleracea L var. acephala), “manteiga-da-geórgia” cultivar using a hydroponic culture system in pots filled with sand containing one plant each, grown under the mean maximum temperature of 43.1 °C ± 10.6 °C. The experiments were carried out under a completely randomized design with eight treatments and four replications in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme and two sources of silicon: potassium silicate (Si = 128 g L-1, K2O = 126.5 g L-1) and (Si = 115 g L-1, K2O = 19.0 g L-1) and four concentrations (0.00; 0.84; 1.68 and 2.52 g L-1). We performed three leaf sprays every 10 days, starting at 20 days after transplanting (DAT). The chard and kale plants were harvested at 48 and 54 (DAT), respectively. We evaluated plant height, fresh matter mass, vitamin C content (Ascorbate), water loss during storage, dry matter mass, Si content, and Si accumulation in the leaves. Si leaf fertilization is viable for leafy vegetables as chard and kale, because this fertilization increased the content and the accumulation of Si, growth, production, and also improved the quality, including the biofortification, where the Si leaf concentration of 2.52 g L-1 as potassium silicate was highlighted.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
biofortificação, Beta vulgaris var. cicla, Brassica oleracea var. acephala, elemento benéfico, estresse abiótico, silicato de potássio, biofortification, beneficial elemento, abiotic stress, potassium silicate