Animal movement, social interactions and mutualism in brazilian ecosystems
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Data
2018-04-20
Autores
Eigenheer, Milene Amâncio Alves [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O movimento de organismos é uma das características mais importantes da vida na Terra e um componente crucial para quase todos os processos ecológicos e evolutivos, ligando a ecologia de organismos, populações, comunidades e ecossistemas. Exemplos de processos dependentes de movimento incluem dispersão e migração, o que pode ter impactos em dispersão de sementes, regeneração de plantas e fluxo gênico. Movimentos são determinados por interações entre o estado interno dos indivíduos e o ambiente externo, dependendo de habilidades sensoriais dos animais. Nosso objetivo neste estudo foi desenvolver uma melhor compreensão da ecologia do movimento e suas consequências no comportamento animal e dispersão de sementes. Nós desenvolvemos três capítulos: uma revisão sobre desafios e perspectivas em ecologia do movimento no Brasil; um estudo sobre estruturas sociais de lobos guará (Chrysocyon brachyurus) em um mosaico de áreas protegidas e fragmentadas; e um outro estudo onde testamos o papel de dois canídeos frugívoros (lobo guará e cachorro do mato - Cerdocyon thous) na dispersão de sementes e distribuição espacial de Solanum lycocarpum. Nesta tese nós mostramos a importância da ecologia do movimento, assim como suas consequências no comportamento social de animais e na dispersão de sementes. Utilizando dados espaciais nós descobrimos mais sobre a ecologia de importantes espécies presentes na América do Sul, assim como suas interações animal-animal e animal-planta.
The movement of organisms is one of the most important characteristics of life on Earth and is a crucial component of almost all ecological and evolutionary processes, linking the ecology of organisms, populations, communities and ecosystems. Examples of movement-dependent processes include dispersion and migration, which can have impacts on seed dispersal, plant regeneration and gene flow. Movements are determined by feedback interactions between the internal state of individuals and the external environment, conditional on the animal’s movement and sensory abilities. In this study we aim at developing a better comprehension on movement ecology and its consequences on animal behavior and seed dispersal. We developed three chapters: a review about challenges and perspectives of movement ecology in Brazil; a study on social structure of maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus) living in a mosaic of protected and fragmented areas; and another study where we tested the role of two canid frugivores (maned wolves and crab-eating foxes – Cerdocyon thous) on the seed dispersal and spatial distribution of Solanum lycocarpum. In this thesis we showed the importance of movement ecology, as well as its consequences on social behavior and seed dispersal. Using spatial data we could discover more about the ecology of important species present in South America, as well as their interactions animal-animal and animal-plant.
The movement of organisms is one of the most important characteristics of life on Earth and is a crucial component of almost all ecological and evolutionary processes, linking the ecology of organisms, populations, communities and ecosystems. Examples of movement-dependent processes include dispersion and migration, which can have impacts on seed dispersal, plant regeneration and gene flow. Movements are determined by feedback interactions between the internal state of individuals and the external environment, conditional on the animal’s movement and sensory abilities. In this study we aim at developing a better comprehension on movement ecology and its consequences on animal behavior and seed dispersal. We developed three chapters: a review about challenges and perspectives of movement ecology in Brazil; a study on social structure of maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus) living in a mosaic of protected and fragmented areas; and another study where we tested the role of two canid frugivores (maned wolves and crab-eating foxes – Cerdocyon thous) on the seed dispersal and spatial distribution of Solanum lycocarpum. In this thesis we showed the importance of movement ecology, as well as its consequences on social behavior and seed dispersal. Using spatial data we could discover more about the ecology of important species present in South America, as well as their interactions animal-animal and animal-plant.
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Palavras-chave
Ecologia animal, Movimentação animal, Movement ecology, Social behavior, Seed dispersal, Landscape ecology