Mensuração da espessura de tecidos moles da face de indivíduos brasileiros adultos
Carregando...
Data
2018-04-11
Autores
Barros, Franciéllen de
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A Reconstrução Facial Forense (RFF) é uma técnica das Ciências Forenses que possibilita o reconhecimento de um indivíduo, a partir da modelagem dos contornos dos tecidos faciais sobre um crânio encontrado sem identificação. Para isto é necessário ter o conhecimento da espessura dos tecidos moles faciais (ETMFs) que recobrem os pontos craniométricos no crânio subjacente, pois os mesmos são utilizados como base para a obtenção do contorno facial. Fatores como sexo, ancestralidade, idade, e índice de massa corporal (IMC) influenciam tais espessuras. O objetivo deste estudo foi mensurar ETMFs de sujeitos brasileiros adultos vivos, a partir de imagens de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC), considerando-se as variáveis sexo, cor de pele, idade e índice de massa corporal. Foram efetuadas mensurações de 21 pontos craniométricos de referência através do uso do software Osirix Lite. Um total de 92 imagens foram analisadas (62 de sujeitos do sexo feminino e 30 do sexo masculino). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os homens, na maioria das vezes, apresentaram espessuras de tecidos moles faciais maiores do que as mulheres. Em relação às outras variáveis, houve interação com o sexo a cor de pele nos pontos glabela, nasion, infradentale, eminência frontal, supraorbital e linha oclusal, mas nos pontos eminência mentoniana e suborbital a significância foi correspondente à cor da pele. O IMC não evidenciou interação com o sexo, porém, nos pontos filtro médio e supradentale, os homens apresentaram valores maior de espessura, independentemente do IMC. No restante dos pontos, apenas o IMC influenciou na espessura dos tecidos moles faciais. O sexo e a idade mostraramse independentes, pois a análise não foi significativa, mas, nos pontos supradentale, infradentale, eminência frontal e gonion, a idade teve efeito significativo. Mais estudos são necessários, visando à obtenção de número amostral maior, sobretudo no que diz respeito às variáveis IMC e cor da pele, em especial de sujeitos magros e não brancos. Na busca da confecção de RFFs que sejam mais semelhantes à face do sujeito, é adequada a utilização de valores de ETMFs correspondentes ao perfil biológico e características populacionais do mesmo.
Forensic Facial Reconstruction (FFR) is a Forensic Science technique that enables the recognition of an individual, from modeling the contours of facial tissues on a skull found without identification. For this, it is necessary to know the thickness of the facial soft tissue that covers the craniometric points in the underlying skull, since they are used as the basis for obtaining the facial contour. Factors such as sex, ancestry, age, and body mass index (BMI) influence such thicknesses. The objective of this study was to measure the facial soft tissue thickness (FSTT) of living adult Brazilian subjects using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, considering the variables sex, skin color, age and body mass index. Twenty-one reference craniometric points were measured using the Osirix Lite software. A total of 92 images were analyzed (62 females and 30 males). The results showed that men, for the most part, had greater facial soft tissue thicknesses than women. In relation to the other variables, there was interaction with the skin color at the glabella, nasion, infradentale, frontal eminence, supraorbital and occlusal lines, but at the eminence points of the chin and suborbital the significance was corresponding to the color of the skin. The BMI did not show interaction with the sex, however, in the medium and supradentale filter points, the men presented higher values of thickness, independently of the BMI. At the remaining points, only BMI influenced the thickness of facial soft tissues. Sex and age were independent because the analysis was not significant, but in the supradentale, infradentale, frontal eminence and gonion points, age had a significant effect. More studies are necessary, aiming at obtaining a larger sample, especially regarding BMI and skin color variables, particularly of lean and non-white subjects. In order to obtain FFRs more similar to the subject’s face, it is appropriate to use FSTT values corresponding to his biological profile and population characteristics.
Forensic Facial Reconstruction (FFR) is a Forensic Science technique that enables the recognition of an individual, from modeling the contours of facial tissues on a skull found without identification. For this, it is necessary to know the thickness of the facial soft tissue that covers the craniometric points in the underlying skull, since they are used as the basis for obtaining the facial contour. Factors such as sex, ancestry, age, and body mass index (BMI) influence such thicknesses. The objective of this study was to measure the facial soft tissue thickness (FSTT) of living adult Brazilian subjects using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, considering the variables sex, skin color, age and body mass index. Twenty-one reference craniometric points were measured using the Osirix Lite software. A total of 92 images were analyzed (62 females and 30 males). The results showed that men, for the most part, had greater facial soft tissue thicknesses than women. In relation to the other variables, there was interaction with the skin color at the glabella, nasion, infradentale, frontal eminence, supraorbital and occlusal lines, but at the eminence points of the chin and suborbital the significance was corresponding to the color of the skin. The BMI did not show interaction with the sex, however, in the medium and supradentale filter points, the men presented higher values of thickness, independently of the BMI. At the remaining points, only BMI influenced the thickness of facial soft tissues. Sex and age were independent because the analysis was not significant, but in the supradentale, infradentale, frontal eminence and gonion points, age had a significant effect. More studies are necessary, aiming at obtaining a larger sample, especially regarding BMI and skin color variables, particularly of lean and non-white subjects. In order to obtain FFRs more similar to the subject’s face, it is appropriate to use FSTT values corresponding to his biological profile and population characteristics.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Odontologia legal, Ciências forenses, Antropologia forense, Legal dentistry, Forensic sciences, Forensic anthropology