Adesão do familiar ao tratamento do adolescente usuário de substâncias psicoativas em um centro de atenção psicossocial
Carregando...
Data
2018-04-03
Autores
San Juan, Ana Letícia
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O consumo de substâncias psicoativas entre adolescentes é uma grande preocupação para estudiosos, governantes, profissionais da saúde e da educação. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar alguns fatores que possam influenciar na não adesão ao tratamento dos familiares de adolescentes usuários de substâncias psicoativas que frequentam um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas Infantojuvenil de um município do interior de São Paulo. Nesta instituição, foi realizado levantamento dos prontuários dos pacientes atendidos no período de agosto de 2014 a junho de 2017 para a obtenção do percentual de não adesão das famílias ao tratamento dos adolescentes e propostas entrevistas clínicas e aplicação do instrumento projetivo “Desenho da Família com Estória" aos adolescentes e a pelo menos um familiar responsável pelos adolescentes. Os dados obtidos dos prontuários foram descritos e analisados por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo e os “Desenhos da Família com Estória”, por meio de Protocolo de Análise, com interpretação baseada nos pressupostos psicanalíticos. Os resultados indicaram que de 655 prontuários, apenas 43 estavam ativos no período analisado, sendo que desses, 12 adolescentes não eram acompanhados pelos familiares, representando 30% dos familiares. Foram encontrados neste estudo elementos como novos arranjos familiares; uso de substâncias psicoativas por pelo menos um dos genitores; conflitos, agressões físicas e/ou verbais entre genitores e adolescentes; dentre outros aspectos. Nas entrevistas clínicas foram observadas dificuldades objetivas dos familiares em comparecer aos atendimentos, mas, também, a presença de conflitos e ansiedades familiares possivelmente depositadas no adolescente e tornando-o bode-expiatório familiar. A partir dos achados do estudo, foi possível concluir que pode se fazer útil adotar na rotina dos CAPS AD Infantojuvenil a metodologia de avaliação dos adolescentes e familiares empregada nessa pesquisa, sendo necessário abarcar a complexidade do fenômeno da não adesão ao tratamento nos próximos estudos.
The consumption of psychoactive substances among adolescents is a major concern for scholars, government officials, health professionals and education. This study aimed to investigate some factors that may influence the non adherence to the treatment of family members of adolescents who use psychoactive substances attending a Psychosocial Care Center to Alcohol and Drug for Child and Adolescent of a municipality in the interior of São Paulo. In this institution, a survey was carried out of the medical records of the patients treated from August 2014 to June 2017 to obtain the percentage of non-adherence of the families to the treatment of adolescents and proposed clinical interviews and application of the projective instrument “Desenho da Família com Estória” to adolescents and to at least one family member responsible for adolescents. Data were analyzed through the content analysis technique and the “Desenho da Família com Estória", through Analysis Protocol, with interpretation based on psychoanalytical assumptions. The results indicated that of 655 medical records, only 43 were active in the analyzed period, of which 12 adolescents were not accompanied by their relatives, representing 30% of the family members, such as new family arrangements, psychoactive substance use least one of the parents, conflicts, aggression physical and/or verbal relations between parents and adolescents, among other aspects. In the clinical interviews, there were objective difficulties of the relatives in attending the visits, but also the presence of family conflicts and anxieties possibly deposited in the adolescent and making him a family scapegoat. Based on the findings of the study, it was possible to conclude that it is useful to adopt the adolescents and family assessment methodology used in this research in the routine of the Psychosocial Care Center to Alcohol and Drug for Child and Adolescent , and it is necessary to cover the complexity of the phenomenon of non adherence to treatment in the next studies.
The consumption of psychoactive substances among adolescents is a major concern for scholars, government officials, health professionals and education. This study aimed to investigate some factors that may influence the non adherence to the treatment of family members of adolescents who use psychoactive substances attending a Psychosocial Care Center to Alcohol and Drug for Child and Adolescent of a municipality in the interior of São Paulo. In this institution, a survey was carried out of the medical records of the patients treated from August 2014 to June 2017 to obtain the percentage of non-adherence of the families to the treatment of adolescents and proposed clinical interviews and application of the projective instrument “Desenho da Família com Estória” to adolescents and to at least one family member responsible for adolescents. Data were analyzed through the content analysis technique and the “Desenho da Família com Estória", through Analysis Protocol, with interpretation based on psychoanalytical assumptions. The results indicated that of 655 medical records, only 43 were active in the analyzed period, of which 12 adolescents were not accompanied by their relatives, representing 30% of the family members, such as new family arrangements, psychoactive substance use least one of the parents, conflicts, aggression physical and/or verbal relations between parents and adolescents, among other aspects. In the clinical interviews, there were objective difficulties of the relatives in attending the visits, but also the presence of family conflicts and anxieties possibly deposited in the adolescent and making him a family scapegoat. Based on the findings of the study, it was possible to conclude that it is useful to adopt the adolescents and family assessment methodology used in this research in the routine of the Psychosocial Care Center to Alcohol and Drug for Child and Adolescent , and it is necessary to cover the complexity of the phenomenon of non adherence to treatment in the next studies.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Adolescentes, Substâncias psicoativas, Família, Adesão, Centro de Atenção Psicossocial, Adolescents, Psychoactive substances, Family, Adherence, Center for Psychosocial Care