Funcionalização de superfícies e estudo de adsorção de biomoléculas em óxidos metálicos
Data
2018-04-19
Autores
Trino, Luciana Daniele
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O titânio e suas ligas são utilizados em diversas aplicações, dentre elas em implantes ortopédicos e dentários devido à sua reconhecida biocompatibilidade. No entanto, falhas e subsequentes efeitos colaterais clínicos ainda são recorrentes em implantes. Neste contexto, melhorias podem ser alcançadas projetando biomateriais nos quais o bulk e a superfície do titânio são independentemente modificadas. Deste modo, filmes finos nanoestruturados de óxidos metálicos, tais como TiO2 e ZnO, podem melhorar as propriedades físico-químicas, a biocompatibilidade e a resistência à corrosão dos implantes de titânio. Além disso, a conjugação de biomoléculas, como peptídeos derivados da proteína da matriz dentinária 1 (DMP1), na superfície dos óxidos metálicos pode melhorar sua bioatividade, acelerando o processo de osteointegração. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi funcionalizar óxidos metálicos com diferentes moléculas bifuncionais e investigar as propriedades físico-químicas de grupos silano, amino, ácido carboxílico, tiol e hidroxila que atuaram como espaçadores entre os óxidos metálicos e os peptídeos da DMP1. Além disso foram realizadas análises de biocompatibilidade, mineralização, resistência à corrosão e à tribocorrosão das superfícies bio-funcionalizadas com os peptídeos da DMP1. Neste trabalho, filmes de TiO2 e ZnO nanométricos foram sintetizados pelo método sol-gel e depositados pela técnica spin coating em substratos de titânio. Posteriormente, os filmes finos de óxidos metálicos foram funcionalizados com (3-aminopropil) trimetoxissilano (APTMS), ácido 3- (4-aminofenil) propiônico (APPA), ácido 3-mercaptopropiônico (MPA) ou polietilenoglicol (PEG), que atuam como espaçadores entre os óxidos metálicos e os peptídeos da DMP1. As análises físico-químicas por XPS, microscopia confocal, AFM, ângulo de contato e energia de superfície revelaram a efetiva modificação das superfícies dos óxidos metálicos com APTMS, APPA, MPA e PEG. Após a bio-funcionalização as análises físico-químicas confirmaram a presença dos peptídeos da DMP1 na superfície dos óxidos metálicos. Além disso, testes biológicos indicaram que os peptídeos puderam modular a afinidade, proliferação e diferenciação de células mesenquimais humanas. Para a amostra contendo o dióxido de titânio, foram observados melhores resultados para o TiO2 funcionalizado com MPA e os peptídeos da DMP1. Já para o óxido de zinco, melhores resultados de biocompatibilidade foram observados para ZnO funcionalizado com APPA e os peptídeos. Além disso, a imobilização dos peptídeos da DMP1 através dos espaçadores APPA e MPA, para ambos os óxidos, levou à formação de biominerais de apatita. Os resultados eletroquímicos indicaram um aumento da resistência à corrosão nos materiais bio-funcionalizados, sendo que melhores resultados foram observados para o TiO2 quando comparado ao ZnO. Além disso a análise de tribocorrosão apresentou menor perda de massa para as amostras de TiO2 bio-funcionalizadas. Considerando os aspectos de biocompatibilidade, diferenciação osteogênica, mineralização, resistência à corrosão e à tribocorrosão a amostra de TiO2 funcionalizada com MPA e os peptídeos da DMP1 foi a que apresentou melhores resultados. Portanto, os resultados obtidos sugerem que a bio-funcionalização de óxidos metálicos é capaz de projetar implantes de melhor qualidade aplicados à medicina regenerativa.
Titanium and its alloys are used in a variety of applications, including orthopedic and dental implants because of their recognized biocompatibility. However, failures and subsequent clinical side effects are still recurrent in implants. In this context, improvements can be achieved by designing biom aterials in which the bulk and surface of the titanium are independently tailored . Thus, nanostructured metal oxides thin films , such as TiO 2 and ZnO, can improve the physicochemical properties, biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of titanium implant s. In addition, the conjugation of biomolecules, such as peptides derived from the dentin matrix 1 protein (DMP1), on the surface of the metal oxides can improve their bioactivity, accelerating the os t eointegration process. Therefore, the objective of thi s work was to functionalize metal oxides with different bifunctional molecules and to investigate the physicochemical properties of silane, amino, carboxylic acid, thiol and hydroxyl groups that act as spacers between metal oxides and DMP1 peptides. In add ition, biocompatibility, mineralization, corrosion and tribocorrosion resistance of the bio - functionalized surfaces were performed. In this work, nanosized TiO 2 and ZnO thin films were synthesized by sol - gel method and deposited by spin coating technique o n titanium substrates. Subsequently, the thin films of metal oxides were functionalized with (3 - aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (APTMS), 3 - (4 - aminophenyl) propionic acid (APPA), 3 - mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) or polyethylene glycol (PEG), which acted as spac ers between the metal oxides and the DMP1 peptides. The physicochemical analyzes by XPS, confocal microscopy, AFM, contact angle and surface energy revealed the effective modification of the metal oxides surfaces with APTMS, APPA, MPA and PEG. After the bi o - functionalization the physicochemical analyzes confirmed the presence of the DMP1 peptides on the surface of the metal oxides. In addition, biological tests indicated that the peptides could modulate the affinity, proliferation and differentiation of hum an mesenchymal stem cells. For the sample containing the titanium dioxide, better results were observed for the TiO 2 functionalized with MPA and the DMP1 peptides. On the other hand, better biocompatibility results were observed for ZnO functionalized with APPA and peptides. In addition, the immobilization of the DMP1 peptides through the APPA and MPA spacers for both oxides led to the formation of apatite biominerals. The electrochemical results indicated an increase in corrosion resistance in the bio - func tionalized materials, and better results were observed for TiO 2 when compared to ZnO. In addition, the tribocorrosion analysis presented lower mass loss for the bio - functionalized TiO 2 samples. Considering the aspects of biocompatibility, osteogenic differ entiation, mineralization, resistance to corrosion and tribocorrosion, the TiO 2 functionalized with MPA and DMP1 peptides presented the best results. Therefore, the results suggest that the bio - functionalization of metal oxides can design better quality im plants applied to regenerative medicine
Titanium and its alloys are used in a variety of applications, including orthopedic and dental implants because of their recognized biocompatibility. However, failures and subsequent clinical side effects are still recurrent in implants. In this context, improvements can be achieved by designing biom aterials in which the bulk and surface of the titanium are independently tailored . Thus, nanostructured metal oxides thin films , such as TiO 2 and ZnO, can improve the physicochemical properties, biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of titanium implant s. In addition, the conjugation of biomolecules, such as peptides derived from the dentin matrix 1 protein (DMP1), on the surface of the metal oxides can improve their bioactivity, accelerating the os t eointegration process. Therefore, the objective of thi s work was to functionalize metal oxides with different bifunctional molecules and to investigate the physicochemical properties of silane, amino, carboxylic acid, thiol and hydroxyl groups that act as spacers between metal oxides and DMP1 peptides. In add ition, biocompatibility, mineralization, corrosion and tribocorrosion resistance of the bio - functionalized surfaces were performed. In this work, nanosized TiO 2 and ZnO thin films were synthesized by sol - gel method and deposited by spin coating technique o n titanium substrates. Subsequently, the thin films of metal oxides were functionalized with (3 - aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (APTMS), 3 - (4 - aminophenyl) propionic acid (APPA), 3 - mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) or polyethylene glycol (PEG), which acted as spac ers between the metal oxides and the DMP1 peptides. The physicochemical analyzes by XPS, confocal microscopy, AFM, contact angle and surface energy revealed the effective modification of the metal oxides surfaces with APTMS, APPA, MPA and PEG. After the bi o - functionalization the physicochemical analyzes confirmed the presence of the DMP1 peptides on the surface of the metal oxides. In addition, biological tests indicated that the peptides could modulate the affinity, proliferation and differentiation of hum an mesenchymal stem cells. For the sample containing the titanium dioxide, better results were observed for the TiO 2 functionalized with MPA and the DMP1 peptides. On the other hand, better biocompatibility results were observed for ZnO functionalized with APPA and peptides. In addition, the immobilization of the DMP1 peptides through the APPA and MPA spacers for both oxides led to the formation of apatite biominerals. The electrochemical results indicated an increase in corrosion resistance in the bio - func tionalized materials, and better results were observed for TiO 2 when compared to ZnO. In addition, the tribocorrosion analysis presented lower mass loss for the bio - functionalized TiO 2 samples. Considering the aspects of biocompatibility, osteogenic differ entiation, mineralization, resistance to corrosion and tribocorrosion, the TiO 2 functionalized with MPA and DMP1 peptides presented the best results. Therefore, the results suggest that the bio - functionalization of metal oxides can design better quality im plants applied to regenerative medicine
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Óxidos metálicos, Funcionalização, Biomateriais, Peptídeos da DMP1, Diferenciação osteogênica, Metal oxides, Functionalization, Biomaterials, DMP1 peptides, Osteogenic differentiation