As relações entre Brasil e Uruguai no alvorecer do século XXI
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Data
2018-04-19
Autores
Bisetto, Cíntia de Jesus Soares [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste estudo, procuramos compreender as relações entre Brasil e Uruguai neste início de século. Iniciaremos discorrendo um pouco sobre a história do Uruguai e sobre os aspectos da sua aproximação com o Brasil. Abordaremos as relações comerciais entre os dois países e os projetos de integração regional, sobre o FOCEM-MERCOSUL e sobre a IIRSA-COSIPLAN-UNASUL, com foco nas relações Brasil-Uruguai. Após tecer considerações sobre a participação uruguaia (em menor dimensão, também sobre a participação brasileira) nessas iniciativas, interessa-nos analisar as relações entre os dois países no âmbito do GAN, instituído em 2012, o Grupo de Alto Nível Brasil-Uruguai (GAN) é expressivo da maior aproximação entre os dois países. A pesquisa, cujos resultados apresentamos a seguir, abarcou a temática da integração regional, centrando nas relações Brasil-Uruguai, com ênfase a iniciativas no campo energético e obras de infraestrutura como recuperação de ferroviárias, hidrovias, pontes e estradas. O Parque Eólico Artilleros no Uruguai recebeu mais atenção por se tratar de uma obra bancada em parte pelo Brasil, inserida na estratégia de disseminação de energias renováveis do governo uruguaio e no projeto de internacionalização da Eletrobras. A temática sobre o expansionismo de empresas do Brasil no Uruguai, considerado por alguns analistas da ótica do (sub)imperialismo, também se faz presente, embora não seja objeto central de reflexão na pesquisa realizada, abordamos o assunto defendendo que o processo é mais complexo, a depender das negociações entre os países envolvidos.
In this study, we intend to understand the relationship between Brazil and Uruguay at the beginning of this century. We will start talking a little about the history of Uruguay and the aspects of its approximation to Brazil. We will approach the commercial relations between these two neighboring countries and the regional integration projects, talking about the FOCEM-MERCOSUR and the IIRSA-COSIPLAN-UNASUR at the length, focusing on Brazil-Uruguay relationships. After talking about the Brazilian and Uruguayan participations in these initiatives, we take interest in analyzing the relationships between the two countries in the GAN fields. Established in 2012, the High-Level Group Brazil-Uruguay (GAN) is meaningful to the biggest recent approach between them. The present research will comprise the integration carried out on the energy areas and other infrastructure work, such as the recovery of the railroads, waterways, bridges and roads with the challenge of surpassing the transportation difficulty on the borders. What matters, above all, is to highlight initiatives in the energy area like the Artilleros Wind Park in Uruguay, whose structure is mostly sponsored by Brazil, inserted in the dissemination strategy for renewable energy. It is also intended to explain the charges against the Brazilian expansionism through the projects and work designed to improve the bilateral relationship with Uruguay, which would be considered imperialist, and we may ponder on the subject defending that the process is complex depending on the negotiations between the involved countries.
In this study, we intend to understand the relationship between Brazil and Uruguay at the beginning of this century. We will start talking a little about the history of Uruguay and the aspects of its approximation to Brazil. We will approach the commercial relations between these two neighboring countries and the regional integration projects, talking about the FOCEM-MERCOSUR and the IIRSA-COSIPLAN-UNASUR at the length, focusing on Brazil-Uruguay relationships. After talking about the Brazilian and Uruguayan participations in these initiatives, we take interest in analyzing the relationships between the two countries in the GAN fields. Established in 2012, the High-Level Group Brazil-Uruguay (GAN) is meaningful to the biggest recent approach between them. The present research will comprise the integration carried out on the energy areas and other infrastructure work, such as the recovery of the railroads, waterways, bridges and roads with the challenge of surpassing the transportation difficulty on the borders. What matters, above all, is to highlight initiatives in the energy area like the Artilleros Wind Park in Uruguay, whose structure is mostly sponsored by Brazil, inserted in the dissemination strategy for renewable energy. It is also intended to explain the charges against the Brazilian expansionism through the projects and work designed to improve the bilateral relationship with Uruguay, which would be considered imperialist, and we may ponder on the subject defending that the process is complex depending on the negotiations between the involved countries.
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Palavras-chave
Integração regional, Mercosul, UNASUL, GAN, Integração energética, Regional integration, Energy integration