Biometria e parâmetros ultrassonográficos de testículos, epidídimos e glândulas genitais acessórias em touros Nelore e Caracu em duas classes de idade
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Data
2018-05-07
Autores
Rodrigues, Naiara Nantes
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O exame andrológico em bovinos reprodutores é de extrema importância para identificação da capacidade reprodutiva de touros. A ultrassonografia é uma ferramenta diagnóstica que pode fornecer importantes informações de forma não invasiva da integridade dos órgãos reprodutivos, no entanto, ainda vem sendo pouco aplicada na prática de avaliação de reprodutores. O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar e comparar parâmetros biométricos e atributos ultrassonográficos de testículos, epidídimos e glândulas genitais acessórias, bem como, índices vasculares das artérias testiculares e ilíacas internas de touros das raças Nelore (n=203) e Caracu (n=79), agrupados de acordo com as classes de idade (≤ 18 meses e > 18 meses). Os dados foram analisados pelo PROC MIXED do programa SAS (p<0,05). O perímetro escrotal, comprimento testicular e medida dorsoventral da cauda do epidídimo foram diferentes entre animais ≤ 18 meses e > 18 meses nas raças Nelore e Caracu. A biometria das glândulas vesiculares, porção disseminada da próstata e medida craniocaudal da glândula bulbouretral apresentaram diferença entre raças. Houve diferença entre as idades para glândulas vesiculares, medidas dorsoventral e craniocaudal do corpo da próstata e próstata disseminada. Houve correlações significativas (p<0,05) entre a biometria dos testículos, cauda dos epidídimos e glândulas genitais acessórias, exceto com o corpo da próstata. A intensidade de pixel do parênquima testicular diferiu entre raças e classes de idade. A ecogenicidade (valores de pixel médio) das glândulas vesiculares foi superior em Caracu, enquanto a heterogeneidade (desvio padrão de pixel) foi maior nos animais mais jovens. Os padrões de pixel da próstata foram diferentes nas duas porções (corpo e porção disseminada). A ecogenicidade das glândulas bulbouretrais foi superior para touros Nelore. Nelore e Caracu apresentaram diferenças nos índices de pulsatilidade (IP) e de resistência (IR) das artérias testiculares. Já o IP e IR das artérias ilíacas internas diferiram entre animais com ≤ 18 meses e > 18 meses. Em conclusão, características biométricas e de ecogenicidade e ecotextura dos parênquimas dos testículos, epidídimos e glândulas genitais acessórias sofrem influência do grupo genético e classes de idade. A ultrassonografia é útil para medir e avaliar os órgãos do sistema reprodutor masculino e analisar o estágio do desenvolvimento reprodutivo de touros.
The andrological examination in breeding cattle is of extreme importance for the identification of the reproductive capacity of bulls. Ultrasonography is a diagnostic tool that can provide important noninvasive information on the integrity of reproductive organs, however, it still has been little applied in practice of reproductive evaluation. The objective of this study was to characterize and compare biometric parameters and ultrasonographic attributes of the testes, epididymis and accessory sex glands, as well as vascular indices of internal testes and iliac arteries of Nellore (n=203) and Caracu bulls (n=79) , grouped according to age classes (≤18 months and >18 months). Data were analyzed by PROC MIXED of SAS program (p<0.05). The scrotal perimeter, testicular length and dorsoventral measurement of the tail of the epididymis were different between animals ≤18 months and >18 months in the Nellore and Caracu races. The biometry of vesicular glands, disseminated portion of prostate and craniocaudal measurement of bulbourethral gland showed differences between breeds. Were differences between ages for vesicular glands, dorsoventral and craniocaudal measurements of prostate body and disseminated prostate. Were significant correlations (p<0.05) between the biometry of the testes, tail of the epididymides and accessory sex glands, except with the body of the prostate. The pixel intensity of the testicular parenchyma differed between breeds and age classes. The echogenicity (mean pixel values) of vesicular glands was higher in Caracu, while heterogeneity (pixel standard deviation) was higher in younger animals. The prostate pixel patterns were different in the two portions (body and disseminated portion). The echogenicity of bulbourethral glands was superior for Nellore bulls. Nellore and Caracu showed differences in pulsatility (IP) and resistance (IR) indexes of testicular arteries. The IP and IR of internal iliac arteries differed between animals with ≤18 months and >18 months. In conclusion, biometric features and echogenicity and ecotexture of the parenchyma of testes, epididymides and accessory sex glands are influenced by the genetic group and age classes. Ultrasonography is useful to measure and evaluate organs of male reproductive system and to analyze the stage of reproductive development of bulls.
The andrological examination in breeding cattle is of extreme importance for the identification of the reproductive capacity of bulls. Ultrasonography is a diagnostic tool that can provide important noninvasive information on the integrity of reproductive organs, however, it still has been little applied in practice of reproductive evaluation. The objective of this study was to characterize and compare biometric parameters and ultrasonographic attributes of the testes, epididymis and accessory sex glands, as well as vascular indices of internal testes and iliac arteries of Nellore (n=203) and Caracu bulls (n=79) , grouped according to age classes (≤18 months and >18 months). Data were analyzed by PROC MIXED of SAS program (p<0.05). The scrotal perimeter, testicular length and dorsoventral measurement of the tail of the epididymis were different between animals ≤18 months and >18 months in the Nellore and Caracu races. The biometry of vesicular glands, disseminated portion of prostate and craniocaudal measurement of bulbourethral gland showed differences between breeds. Were differences between ages for vesicular glands, dorsoventral and craniocaudal measurements of prostate body and disseminated prostate. Were significant correlations (p<0.05) between the biometry of the testes, tail of the epididymides and accessory sex glands, except with the body of the prostate. The pixel intensity of the testicular parenchyma differed between breeds and age classes. The echogenicity (mean pixel values) of vesicular glands was higher in Caracu, while heterogeneity (pixel standard deviation) was higher in younger animals. The prostate pixel patterns were different in the two portions (body and disseminated portion). The echogenicity of bulbourethral glands was superior for Nellore bulls. Nellore and Caracu showed differences in pulsatility (IP) and resistance (IR) indexes of testicular arteries. The IP and IR of internal iliac arteries differed between animals with ≤18 months and >18 months. In conclusion, biometric features and echogenicity and ecotexture of the parenchyma of testes, epididymides and accessory sex glands are influenced by the genetic group and age classes. Ultrasonography is useful to measure and evaluate organs of male reproductive system and to analyze the stage of reproductive development of bulls.
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Palavras-chave
Andrológico, Bovinos, Ecogenicidade, Ecotextura, Índices vasculares, Ultrassonografia