Encontrabilidade da informação em repositórios digitais: um estudo de eye-tracking nos repositórios institucionais da USP, UNESP e UNICAMP
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Data
2018-05-25
Autores
Sanchez, Fernanda Alves [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O aumento exponencial da produção de dados e informações científicas está diretamente associado à evolução das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação e, diante desse cenário, percebe-se a necessidade de implementação pelas instituições de ambientes informacionais digitais que possam reuni-los, organizá-los, disseminá-los e preservá-los. Os repositórios institucionais, objetos de estudo dessa pesquisa, são ambientes potenciais para tais ações; sua implementação, entretanto, deve atender as necessidades informacionais de seu público-alvo, tornando-se necessária a aplicação de métodos, técnicas e atributos que promovam a encontrabilidade da informação científica. Com o objetivo de verificar se os repositórios institucionais têm sido implementados a partir de atributos que viabilizem a encontrabilidade da informação pelos sujeitos informacionais, este estudo utiliza como referência os repositórios institucionais das três universidades estaduais do estado de São Paulo – USP, UNESP e UNICAMP. Para viabilizar o cumprimento dos objetivos da pesquisa, é utilizado o método quadripolar que permite dinamicidade e flexibilidade para o desenvolvimento do estudo por meio de seus quatro polos: epistemológico, teórico, técnico e morfológico. O polo epistemológico abordou o paradigma pós-custodial da Ciência da Informação e a Pós-Fenomenologia para fundamentar o estudo, epistemologicamente. O polo teórico permitiu buscar aportes relacionados às temáticas que permeiam o objeto de pesquisa, quais sejam: Repositórios Digitais, com ênfase nos Repositórios Institucionais, o DSpace como tecnologia para implementação, e a Encontrabilidade da Informação. O polo técnico evidencia os procedimentos metodológicos para a realização do estudo: pesquisa bibliográfica e revisão de literatura para abordar os fundamentos epistemológicos e teóricos mencionados, além de pesquisa aplicada, que ocorreu em duas fases, sendo a primeira a aplicação do “Checklist para avaliação da Encontrabilidade da Informação em Repositórios Institucionais” nos repositórios institucionais da USP, UNESP e UNICAMP, por meio da técnica de observação, e a segunda se refere à aplicação de tarefas junto aos mestrados dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação e Fonoaudiologia da UNESP de Marília, a partir da tecnologia de eye-tracking (rastreamento ocular), nos três repositórios, sendo executada, juntamente com a técnica de protocolo verbal e, posteriormente, entrevistas. O polo morfológico se destina à apresentação dos resultados da pesquisa, bem como à proposta de recomendações para os repositórios institucionais analisados. A partir da avaliação com o checklist, os resultados revelaram problemáticas referentes aos atributos Folksonomia, Descoberta de Informação e Acessibilidade e Usabilidade, nos três repositórios. Em ao menos um deles, foram observadas problemáticas com os atributos Taxonomias navegacionais, Mediação dos Profissionais da Informação e Mobilidade, Convergência e Ubiquidade. Considerando as limitações desta técnica de coleta de dados, não foi possível avaliar os atributos Instrumentos de controle terminológico, Intencionalidade e Mediação dos informáticos. Em um segundo momento, foi possível avaliar o atributo de Descoberta de Informação com a tecnologia de eye-tracking. Após as avaliações realizadas, foram geradas dez recomendações de encontrabilidade da informação para repositórios institucionais.
The exponential increase in the production of scientific data and information is directly associated with the evolution of digital information and communication technologies and, in view of this scenario, it is noticed the need for institutions to implement digital information environments that can bring them together, organize them, disseminate and preserve them. Institutional repositories, objects of study of this research, are potential environments for such actions; its implementation, however, must meet the information needs of its target audience, making it necessary to apply methods, techniques and attributes that promote the finding of scientific information. With the objective of verifying that institutional repositories have been implemented based on attributes that enable information to be found by information subjects, this study uses as reference the institutional repositories of the three state universities of the state of São Paulo - USP, UNESP and UNICAMP. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the four-pole method is used, which allows dynamicity and flexibility for the development of the study through its four poles: epistemological, theoretical, technical and morphological. The epistemological pole addressed the post-custodial paradigm of Information Science and Post-Phenomenology to support the study, epistemologically. The theoretical pole allowed the search for contributions related to the themes that permeate the research object, namely: Digital Repositories, with emphasis on Institutional Repositories, DSpace as technology for implementation, and Information Findability. The technical pole evidences the methodological procedures for carrying out the study: bibliographical research and literature review to address the epistemological and theoretical foundations mentioned, as well as applied research, which occurred in two phases, the first being the application of the "Checklist for evaluation of Information Finding in Institutional Repositories "in the institutional repositories of USP, UNESP and UNICAMP, through the observation technique, and the second refers to the application of tasks to the masters of the Graduate Programs in Education and Speech-Language Pathology of UNESP of Marília, from the eye-tracking technology, in the three repositories, being executed, along with the technique of verbal protocol and, later, interviews. The morphological pole is intended to present the results of the research, as well as to the proposed recommendations for the institutional repositories analyzed. From the evaluation with the checklist, the results revealed problems related to the attributes Folksonomy, Information Discovery and Accessibility and Usability, in the three repositories. In at least one of them, problems were observed with the attributes: Navigational Taxonomies, Mediation of Information Professionals and Mobility, Convergence and Ubiquity. Considering the limitations of this technique of data collection, it was not possible to evaluate the attributes of terminological control instruments, intentionality and mediation of computer scientists. In a second moment, it was possible to evaluate the attribute of Information Discovery with eye-tracking technology. After the evaluations, ten information retrieval recommendations were generated for institutional repositories.
The exponential increase in the production of scientific data and information is directly associated with the evolution of digital information and communication technologies and, in view of this scenario, it is noticed the need for institutions to implement digital information environments that can bring them together, organize them, disseminate and preserve them. Institutional repositories, objects of study of this research, are potential environments for such actions; its implementation, however, must meet the information needs of its target audience, making it necessary to apply methods, techniques and attributes that promote the finding of scientific information. With the objective of verifying that institutional repositories have been implemented based on attributes that enable information to be found by information subjects, this study uses as reference the institutional repositories of the three state universities of the state of São Paulo - USP, UNESP and UNICAMP. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the four-pole method is used, which allows dynamicity and flexibility for the development of the study through its four poles: epistemological, theoretical, technical and morphological. The epistemological pole addressed the post-custodial paradigm of Information Science and Post-Phenomenology to support the study, epistemologically. The theoretical pole allowed the search for contributions related to the themes that permeate the research object, namely: Digital Repositories, with emphasis on Institutional Repositories, DSpace as technology for implementation, and Information Findability. The technical pole evidences the methodological procedures for carrying out the study: bibliographical research and literature review to address the epistemological and theoretical foundations mentioned, as well as applied research, which occurred in two phases, the first being the application of the "Checklist for evaluation of Information Finding in Institutional Repositories "in the institutional repositories of USP, UNESP and UNICAMP, through the observation technique, and the second refers to the application of tasks to the masters of the Graduate Programs in Education and Speech-Language Pathology of UNESP of Marília, from the eye-tracking technology, in the three repositories, being executed, along with the technique of verbal protocol and, later, interviews. The morphological pole is intended to present the results of the research, as well as to the proposed recommendations for the institutional repositories analyzed. From the evaluation with the checklist, the results revealed problems related to the attributes Folksonomy, Information Discovery and Accessibility and Usability, in the three repositories. In at least one of them, problems were observed with the attributes: Navigational Taxonomies, Mediation of Information Professionals and Mobility, Convergence and Ubiquity. Considering the limitations of this technique of data collection, it was not possible to evaluate the attributes of terminological control instruments, intentionality and mediation of computer scientists. In a second moment, it was possible to evaluate the attribute of Information Discovery with eye-tracking technology. After the evaluations, ten information retrieval recommendations were generated for institutional repositories.
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Palavras-chave
Encontrabilidade da informação, Repositórios digitais, Repositórios institucionais, DSpace, Eye-tracking, Informação e tecnologia, Findability of information, Digital repositories, Institutional repositories, Information and technology