Avaliação dos impactos ambientais da aquicultura em tanques rede sobre a comunidade fitoplanctônica por análise de pigmentos
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Data
2018-06-20
Autores
Caceris, Lisangela Coracini
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os impactos do cultivo de tilápias em tanques rede sobre as populações de cianobactérias em seis fazendas. Para as análises de pigmentos foram avaliados quanto à sua eficiência dois métodos distintos: análise do perfil de pigmentos por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) e quantificação da densidade de cianobactérias através uso de um medidor de fluorescência in situ submersível. As amostras de pigmentos foram coletadas em três pontos das pisciculturas sendo montante, fazenda e jusante em diferentes reservatórios do estado de São Paulo. As analises de pigmentos apresentaram a presença de cianobactérias através do pigmento equinenona encontrada em todas as fazendas, assim como nas culturas das amostras de laboratório, em relação ao uso de medidor de fluorescência isso se repete, das seis pisciculturas estudadas em cinco ela foi encontrada. Através do resultados obtidos foi concluído que não foi detectado um padrão de aumento da concentração de pigmentos e dos diferentes grupos fitoplanctônicos no interior das fazendas, assim como não houve deterioração da qualidade da água quando comparados os pontos à montante e à jusante. As condições limnológicas entre as diferentes bacias estudadas foram significativamente diferentes, indicando graus diferentes de susceptibilidade entre as áreas de cultivo.
Cage Aquaculture relies on good water quality, and proper management is needed to minimize environmental problems that affects negatively production. Cyanobacterial blooms caused by excess nutrients is a challenge for Aquaculture expansion in tropical coutries, some species can emit toxins causing damage not only to animals, but also to the environment and other uses of water. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of tilapia cage aquacuture on cyanobacterial populations in six farms. Two different methods were used for the pigment analysis: pigment profile analysis by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and cyanobacterial density quantification using a submersible in situ fluorescence meter. The pigment samples were collected at three points of the fish farms, one upstream, one inside the farms and one downstream, in six farms located in different reservoirs in the state of São Paulo. Pigment analyzes indicated the presence of cyanobacteria through the pigment equinenone, found on all farms, as well as in cultures of samples grown in the laboratory. Regarding the use of fluorometer, of the six fish farms studied in five the cyanobacteria were detected. No pattern of increase of the pigment concentration and the different phytoplankton groups inside the farms was detected, nor was there any deterioration of the water quality when the upstream and downstream points were compared. The limnological conditions between the different basins studied were significantly different, indicating different degrees of susceptibility to eutrophication between the aquaculture areas located in diferente basins.
Cage Aquaculture relies on good water quality, and proper management is needed to minimize environmental problems that affects negatively production. Cyanobacterial blooms caused by excess nutrients is a challenge for Aquaculture expansion in tropical coutries, some species can emit toxins causing damage not only to animals, but also to the environment and other uses of water. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of tilapia cage aquacuture on cyanobacterial populations in six farms. Two different methods were used for the pigment analysis: pigment profile analysis by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and cyanobacterial density quantification using a submersible in situ fluorescence meter. The pigment samples were collected at three points of the fish farms, one upstream, one inside the farms and one downstream, in six farms located in different reservoirs in the state of São Paulo. Pigment analyzes indicated the presence of cyanobacteria through the pigment equinenone, found on all farms, as well as in cultures of samples grown in the laboratory. Regarding the use of fluorometer, of the six fish farms studied in five the cyanobacteria were detected. No pattern of increase of the pigment concentration and the different phytoplankton groups inside the farms was detected, nor was there any deterioration of the water quality when the upstream and downstream points were compared. The limnological conditions between the different basins studied were significantly different, indicating different degrees of susceptibility to eutrophication between the aquaculture areas located in diferente basins.
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Palavras-chave
Cianobactérias, CLAE, Qualidade da água, Tilápia do Nilo, Cyanobacteria, HPLC, Water quality, Nile tilapia