Testes para a avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de panicum maximum cvs. Mombaça, massai e tanzânia
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Data
2018-06-08
Autores
Pereira, Francisco Elder Carlos Bezerra
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A realização e o uso de testes rápidos e eficientes para a avaliação do vigor de lotes de sementes de gramíneas forrageiras são desejáveis nos programas de controle de qualidade das empresas deste setor. O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar testes de vigor eficientes para a diferenciação dos lotes, previsão de emergência de plântulas em campo e avaliação da qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Panicum maximum cvs. Mombaça, Massai e Tanzânia. Foram avaliados dezenove, onze e doze lotes de sementes de capim-mombaça, capim-massai e capim-tanzânia, respectivamente. As sementes foram avaliadas quanto ao teor de água, germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, emergência de plântulas em areia, primeira contagem de emergência de plântulas em areia, comprimento de raiz e parte aérea de plântulas, análise de imagens de plântulas com o SVIS® (comprimento de plântulas, índices de vigor e uniformidade) e emergência de plântulas em campo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado para os testes realizados em laboratório e blocos ao acaso para o teste de emergência de plântulas em campo, com quatro repetições de 50 sementes. Para os testes avaliados por meio do SVIS utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com oito repetições de 25 sementes. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Scott Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Realizou-se a análise estatística multivariada de agrupamento e de componentes principais. Concluiu-se que são eficientes na avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes, fornecendo informações semelhantes à emergência de plântulas em campo: para capim-mombaça o índice de uniformidade avaliado por meio da análise de imagens e o teste de comprimento de raiz; para o capim-massai os testes de comprimento de parte aérea e de raiz e para capim-tanzânia os testes de comprimento de plântulas, índice de vigor e índice de uniformidade de crescimento por meio da análise de imagens e os testes de emergência de plântulas em areia e primeira contagem de emergência de plântulas em areia. O teste de análise de imagens mostrou-se promissor para à avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de capim-mombaça e capim-tanzânia.
The realization and use of quick and efficient tests for the evaluation of the vigor of seed lots of forage grasses are desirable in the quality control programs of companies in this sector. The objective of this study was to identify efficient vigor tests for lots differentiation, seedling emergence prediction in the field and evaluation of the physiological quality of Panicum maximum cvs. Mombasa, Massai and Tanzania seeds. Seed samples of nineteen, eleven and twelve seed lots of Mombasa grass, Massai grass and Tanzânia grass were evaluated, respectively. The seeds were evaluated for water content, germination, first germination count, germination speed index, seedlings emergence in sand, first emergence count of seedlings in sand, root and shoot length of seedling, seedling image analysis with SVIS® (seedling length, vigor indexes and uniformity ) and seedling emergence in the field .The experimental design was completely randomized for the laboratory tests and randomized blocks to seedling emergence on the field, with four replications of 50 seeds. For the tests evaluated by the SVIS was used the completely randomized design with eight replications of 25 seeds. The data were submitted to variance analysis and means compared by the Scott Knott test at 5% probability. Multivariate statistical analysis of cluster and principal component was performed. It was concluded that are efficient in the evaluation of the physiological potential of seeds, providing similar information to seedling emergence in the field: for mombasa grass the uniformity index evaluated by means image analysis and the root length test; for massai-grass root and shoot length tests and for tanzania grass seedling length tests, vigor index and growth uniformity index by means of image analysis and seedling emergence tests in sand and first emergence count of seedling in sand. The image analysis test was promising to the evaluation of the physiological potential of the seeds of Mombasa grass and Tanzania grass.
The realization and use of quick and efficient tests for the evaluation of the vigor of seed lots of forage grasses are desirable in the quality control programs of companies in this sector. The objective of this study was to identify efficient vigor tests for lots differentiation, seedling emergence prediction in the field and evaluation of the physiological quality of Panicum maximum cvs. Mombasa, Massai and Tanzania seeds. Seed samples of nineteen, eleven and twelve seed lots of Mombasa grass, Massai grass and Tanzânia grass were evaluated, respectively. The seeds were evaluated for water content, germination, first germination count, germination speed index, seedlings emergence in sand, first emergence count of seedlings in sand, root and shoot length of seedling, seedling image analysis with SVIS® (seedling length, vigor indexes and uniformity ) and seedling emergence in the field .The experimental design was completely randomized for the laboratory tests and randomized blocks to seedling emergence on the field, with four replications of 50 seeds. For the tests evaluated by the SVIS was used the completely randomized design with eight replications of 25 seeds. The data were submitted to variance analysis and means compared by the Scott Knott test at 5% probability. Multivariate statistical analysis of cluster and principal component was performed. It was concluded that are efficient in the evaluation of the physiological potential of seeds, providing similar information to seedling emergence in the field: for mombasa grass the uniformity index evaluated by means image analysis and the root length test; for massai-grass root and shoot length tests and for tanzania grass seedling length tests, vigor index and growth uniformity index by means of image analysis and seedling emergence tests in sand and first emergence count of seedling in sand. The image analysis test was promising to the evaluation of the physiological potential of the seeds of Mombasa grass and Tanzania grass.
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Palavras-chave
Análise de imagens, SVIS®, Componentes principais, Vigor, Gramíneas forrageiras