Caracterização físico-química e composição mineral de Pereskia aculeata Mill., Pereskia grandifolia Haw. e Pereskia bleo (Kunth) DC
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Data
2018-06-08
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Ora-pro-nobis é uma planta alimentícia não convencional de elevado potencial nutricional utilizada, principalmente, em comunidades tradicionais como alimento proteico. Objetivou-se neste trabalho realizar a caracterização físico-química e análise de minerais em Pereskia aculeata Mill., Pereskia grandifolia Haw. e Pereskia bleo (Kunth) DC. plantas conhecidas como ora-pro-nobis. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental Lageado, e as avaliações realizadas no Departamento de Horticultura da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP. Para este estudo foram utilizadas mudas das três espécies de ora-pro-nobis e conduzidas em campo com espaçamento 1,0 x 1,0 m entre fileiras e plantas. O experimento foi constituído de um total de 168 plantas, sendo 56 de cada espécie, P. aculeata, P. grandifolia e P. bleo, respectivamente. Foram realizadas análises físico-químicas (sólido solúveis, pH, acidez titulável, açúcares redutores, teor de umidade e cinzas, fibra bruta, gordura, ácido ascórbico, compostos fenólicos, pigmentos - clorofila a, clorofila b, antocioninas e carotenoides), proteína e minerais (P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn). Pode-se concluir que as três espécies avaliadas apresentaram-se como excelentes fontes de proteína, fibras, ácido ascórbico, ferro, zinco, cálcio e coloração atraente, por suas folhas possuírem cores verde escura. P. bleo apresentou maior teor de ácido ascórbico, teor de umidade, alto teor de lipídeos, ferro e zinco. P. grandifolia apresentou maiores teores de proteína e compostos fenólicos e P. aculeata apresentou maiores teores de fibras. Por fim, esta caracterização pode subsidiar estudos futuro para inclusão em dietas alimentares, por estas plantas apresentarem elevado potencial nutricional.
Ora-pro-nobis is an edible plants with a high nutritional potential, mainly used in traditional communities as a protein food. The objective of this work was to perform the physicochemical characterization and analysis of minerals in Pereskia aculeata Mill., Pereskia grandifolia Haw. and Pereskia bleo (Kunth) DC. plants known as ora-pronobis. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm Lageado, and the evaluations carried out at the Department of Horticulture of the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences of UNESP. For this study, seedlings of the three ora-pro-nobis species were used and conducted in the field with spacing 1.0 x 1.0 m between rows and plants. The experiment consisted of a total of 168 plants, 56 of each species, P. aculeata, P. grandifolia and P. bleo, respectively. Physical and chemical analyzes (solid soluble, pH, titratable acidity, reducing sugars, moisture content and ashes, crude fiber, fat, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, pigments - chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, anthocyanins and carotenoids), protein and minerals (P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn). It can be concluded that the three evaluated species presented as excellent sources of protein, fibers, ascorbic acid, iron, zinc, calcium and attractive coloring, because their leaves have dark green colors. P. bleo presented higher content of ascorbic acid, moisture content, high lipid content, iron and zinc. P. grandifolia presented higher levels of protein and phenolic compounds and P. aculeata had higher fiber contents. Finally, this characterization may support future studies for inclusion in dietary diets, because these plants present high nutritional potential.
Ora-pro-nobis is an edible plants with a high nutritional potential, mainly used in traditional communities as a protein food. The objective of this work was to perform the physicochemical characterization and analysis of minerals in Pereskia aculeata Mill., Pereskia grandifolia Haw. and Pereskia bleo (Kunth) DC. plants known as ora-pronobis. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm Lageado, and the evaluations carried out at the Department of Horticulture of the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences of UNESP. For this study, seedlings of the three ora-pro-nobis species were used and conducted in the field with spacing 1.0 x 1.0 m between rows and plants. The experiment consisted of a total of 168 plants, 56 of each species, P. aculeata, P. grandifolia and P. bleo, respectively. Physical and chemical analyzes (solid soluble, pH, titratable acidity, reducing sugars, moisture content and ashes, crude fiber, fat, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, pigments - chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, anthocyanins and carotenoids), protein and minerals (P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn). It can be concluded that the three evaluated species presented as excellent sources of protein, fibers, ascorbic acid, iron, zinc, calcium and attractive coloring, because their leaves have dark green colors. P. bleo presented higher content of ascorbic acid, moisture content, high lipid content, iron and zinc. P. grandifolia presented higher levels of protein and phenolic compounds and P. aculeata had higher fiber contents. Finally, this characterization may support future studies for inclusion in dietary diets, because these plants present high nutritional potential.
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Palavras-chave
Ora-pro-nobis, Plantas alimentícias não convencionais, Caracterização vegetal, Edible plants, Plant characterization