Crônicas sobre diversidades: construindo diálogos sobre multiplicidades através do cinema e da produção textual
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Data
2018-08-09
Autores
Bertolo, José Francisco
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As denúncias de ações e/ou atitudes discriminatórias vêm crescendo nas escolas, um ambiente propício à diversidade e um espaço de reprodução de preconceitos. Esta pesquisa investiga possíveis linguagens capazes de fomentar o debate acerca das multiplicidades sexuais existentes no cotidiano escolar e analisa o trabalho desenvolvido com alunos(as) do 9º ano de uma escola em um município de pequeno porte do interior de São Paulo, através do cinema e da produção textual com vistas à promoção do diálogo sobre a diversidade sexual e de gênero. Adotou-se uma abordagem qualitativa, de cunho cartográfico, tendo como instrumentos de coleta de dados a observação participante sistematicamente registrada em diário de bordo, veiculação e discussão de filmes temáticos sobre a diversidade sexual e de gênero, assim como a análise de crônicas produzidas pelos(as) alunos(as), acerca dos temas abordados. Constatou-se que a discussão desses temas não são presentes em seus cotidianos, o que inclui a escola. Os(As) alunos(as) foram convidados(as) a refletir sobre essas questões. Inicialmente, um grupo de alunos(as) afirmou desconhecer os temas; outro grupo apresentou concepções marcadas por preconceitos e pautadas no binarismo de gênero; e o menor grupo problematizou as concepções binárias ressaltando a importância do respeito às multiplicidades. Ao longo das discussões, percebeu-se uma transformação nos/as alunos/as. O suposto desconhecimento mascarava a falta de oportunidade de conversar sobre o assunto e ideias estereotipadas foram sendo desconstruídas. Assim, destaca-se a importância das promoções de espaços no cotidiano escolar de discussão e problematização da sexualidade e do gênero, com vista ao rompimento com concepções intimamente ligadas a preconceitos e estereótipos.
Discrimination is at a high at schools; a place considered both a suitable environment to diversity and a space where prejudices are reproduced. This research investigates the languages that might foster the debate regarding the existing multiple sexual identities and analyses texts from 9th grade students using movies and creative writing as tools for promoting dialogue about gender and sexual diversity. We used a qualitative, cartographic methodology. Data was collected through observation, which was recorded in a logbook, and activities included the exhibition and discussion of movies with the theme of sexual and gender diversity and the analysis of creative texts (crônicas) written by students about the themes discussed. It was noted that these themes are not included in the students’ daily lives, which includes the school. Students were invited to reflect upon these topics. At first, a group said these themes were unknown to them, another group showed notions based on prejudices and in the binary notion of gender, and a third, smaller group questioned the binary notions and focused on the importance of respect to multiplicities. During the debates, it was possible to notice a transformation in students. The unawareness hid the lack of opportunities to talk about these topics and the stereotypes were deconstructed. Hence, this research highlights the importance of promoting spaces for discussion and problematization of gender and sexuality inside schools for deconstructing notions that are closely connected to stereotypes and prejudices.
Discrimination is at a high at schools; a place considered both a suitable environment to diversity and a space where prejudices are reproduced. This research investigates the languages that might foster the debate regarding the existing multiple sexual identities and analyses texts from 9th grade students using movies and creative writing as tools for promoting dialogue about gender and sexual diversity. We used a qualitative, cartographic methodology. Data was collected through observation, which was recorded in a logbook, and activities included the exhibition and discussion of movies with the theme of sexual and gender diversity and the analysis of creative texts (crônicas) written by students about the themes discussed. It was noted that these themes are not included in the students’ daily lives, which includes the school. Students were invited to reflect upon these topics. At first, a group said these themes were unknown to them, another group showed notions based on prejudices and in the binary notion of gender, and a third, smaller group questioned the binary notions and focused on the importance of respect to multiplicities. During the debates, it was possible to notice a transformation in students. The unawareness hid the lack of opportunities to talk about these topics and the stereotypes were deconstructed. Hence, this research highlights the importance of promoting spaces for discussion and problematization of gender and sexuality inside schools for deconstructing notions that are closely connected to stereotypes and prejudices.
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Palavras-chave
Processos formativos, Educação sexual, Diversidade sexual e de gênero, Cinema, Produção textual, Formative processes, Sexual education, Sexual and gender diversity, Movies, Creative writing