Substratos no desenvolvimento da grama bermuda e sub-doses de glyphosate como regulador de crescimento
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Data
2018-07-31
Autores
Santos, Patrick Luan Ferreira dos
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A grama bermuda (Cynodon spp) é a mais utilizada atualmente em campos esportivos de alta performance. Contudo, não existe na literatura uma recomendação oficial brasileira do melhor de substrato para implantação desse tipo de grama. Outra dificuldade é que os gramados necessitam de cortes frequentes, o que eleva o custo de manutenção. Assim uma alternativa, seria o uso do herbicida Glyphosate como regulador de crescimento. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de substratos e de sub-doses de glyphosate como regulador de crescimento no desenvolvimento da grama bermuda. O experimento foi conduzido no Campus II da Faculdade de Engenharia – UNESP, Campus de Ilha Solteira, de 14 de abril a 8 de setembro de 2017. Os tapetes de grama bermuda hibrido Tifton 419 foram implantados em contêineres de plástico preto (volume 8,46 litros) com diferentes substratos, sendo o experimento dividido em duas partes. Inicialmente foi verificada a influência dos substratos no estabelecimento e desenvolvimento do gramado com 5 tratamentos (substratos) e 12 repetições. Após 60 dias, foi realizada a primeira aplicação das sub-doses de glyphosate, e assim, iniciada a segunda parte do experimento, formando um esquema fatorial 5 x 4 (substratos x doses de glyphosate), com três repetições. Os substratos foram: S1-solo, S2-areia, S3-solo+areia. (1:1), S4-solo+areia+composto orgânico (1:1:1) e S5–composto orgânico+areia (1:1), e as sub-doses de glyphosate: 0, 200, 400 e 600 g ha-1 do i.a. Foram realizadas análises químicas e físicas dos substratos, pigmentos fotossintéticos, massa fresca e seca das folhas e análise foliar dos macronutrientes. Observou-se que os substratos a base de composto orgânico apresentaram os melhores resultados dos parâmetros avaliados, destacando-se S4- solo + areia + composto orgânico (1:1:1), com excelentes valores para as análises físicas e químicas. Houve efeito das sub-doses de glyphosate no desenvolvimento do gramado, sendo que a dose de 400 g ha-1 do i.a. proporcionou redução da massa fresca e seca sem alterações severas nos macronutrientes e pigmentos fotossintéticos de Tifton 419.
Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) Is currently the most widely used in high performance sports fields. However, there is no official Brazilian recommendation of the best substrate for implantation of this type of grass. Another difficulty is that turfgrass need frequent cuts, which raises the cost of maintenance. Thus an alternative would be the use of the herbicide Glyphosate as growth regulator. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of substrates and sub-doses of glyphosate as a growth regulator on the development of bermudagrass. The experiment was conducted at Campus II of the Faculty of Engineering - UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, from April 14 to September 8, 2017. The Tifton 419 hybrid Bermuda grass carpets were implanted in black plastic containers (volume 8.46 liters) with different substrates, the experiment being divided into two parts. The influence of the substrates in the establishment and development of the turfgrass with 5 treatments (substrates) and 12 replicates was verified initially. After 60 days, the first sub-doses of glyphosate were applied, and the second part of the experiment was started, forming a factorial scheme 5 x 4 (substrates x sub-doses of glyphosate), with three replicates. The substrates were: S1-soil, S2-sand, S3-soil + sand. (1:1), S4-soil + sand + organic compost (1:1:1) and S5-organic compost + sand (1:1), and sub-doses of glyphosate: 0, 200, 400 and 600 g ha-1 of the a.i. were performed, chemical and physical analyzes of the substrates, photosynthetic pigments, fresh and dry mass of the leaves and foliar analysis of the macronutrients. It was observed that the substrates based on organic compounds presented the best results of the evaluated parameters, standing out S4- soil + sand + organic compound (1:1:1), with excellent values for the physical and chemical analyzes. There was an effect of sub-doses of glyphosate on lawn development, with the dose of 400 g ha-1 of the a.i. yielded fresh and dry mass reduction without severe changes in macronutrients and photosynthetic pigments of Tifton 419.
Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) Is currently the most widely used in high performance sports fields. However, there is no official Brazilian recommendation of the best substrate for implantation of this type of grass. Another difficulty is that turfgrass need frequent cuts, which raises the cost of maintenance. Thus an alternative would be the use of the herbicide Glyphosate as growth regulator. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of substrates and sub-doses of glyphosate as a growth regulator on the development of bermudagrass. The experiment was conducted at Campus II of the Faculty of Engineering - UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, from April 14 to September 8, 2017. The Tifton 419 hybrid Bermuda grass carpets were implanted in black plastic containers (volume 8.46 liters) with different substrates, the experiment being divided into two parts. The influence of the substrates in the establishment and development of the turfgrass with 5 treatments (substrates) and 12 replicates was verified initially. After 60 days, the first sub-doses of glyphosate were applied, and the second part of the experiment was started, forming a factorial scheme 5 x 4 (substrates x sub-doses of glyphosate), with three replicates. The substrates were: S1-soil, S2-sand, S3-soil + sand. (1:1), S4-soil + sand + organic compost (1:1:1) and S5-organic compost + sand (1:1), and sub-doses of glyphosate: 0, 200, 400 and 600 g ha-1 of the a.i. were performed, chemical and physical analyzes of the substrates, photosynthetic pigments, fresh and dry mass of the leaves and foliar analysis of the macronutrients. It was observed that the substrates based on organic compounds presented the best results of the evaluated parameters, standing out S4- soil + sand + organic compound (1:1:1), with excellent values for the physical and chemical analyzes. There was an effect of sub-doses of glyphosate on lawn development, with the dose of 400 g ha-1 of the a.i. yielded fresh and dry mass reduction without severe changes in macronutrients and photosynthetic pigments of Tifton 419.
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Palavras-chave
Cynodon spp., Gramado, Tifton 419, Campos esportivos, Turfgrass, Sports fields