O tabagismo como fator de risco para as doenças periodontais: aspectos microbiológicos
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Data
1998-10-01
Autores
Jardim Júnior, Élerson Gaetti [UNESP]
Zanoli, Tatiane
Pedrini, Denise [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Resumo
O fumo é considerado importante fator predisponente para muitas doenças, incluindo-se as periodontopatias. Desde que as doenças periodontais representam a inter-relação entre os fatores de virulência da microbiota subgengival sobre um hospedeiro susceptível, foi objetivo avaliar a freqüência de isolamento de três periodontopatógenos em indivíduos sadios e pacientes com doença periodontal, fumantes ou não, com níveis variados de higiene bucal; verificar a relação entre o número de microrganismos produtores de sulfeto de hidrogênio na placa subgengival de fumantes e não fumantes e sua condição clínica. Foram examinados 189 pacientes e indivíduos sadios, dos quais 60 foram selecionados para análise microbiológica. O índice de placa foi registrado de acordo com o índice de O'Leary e os espécimes de placa subgengival coletados e processados de acordo com SLOTS35 (1982). A identificação dos isolados foi obtida pelas suas características morfocelulares, morfocoloniais e bioquímico-fisiológicas. Verificou-se que a freqüência de isolamento dos bastonetes anaeróbios produtores de pigmento negro, Fusobacterium nucleatum e bactérias produtoras de sulfeto de hidrogênio foi similar entre fumantes e não fumantes, sendo mais elevada nos pacientes com doença periodontal. Já Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans foi isolado mais freqüentemente em sadios fumantes do que sadios não fumantes.
Smoking is one of the most relevant risk factors for many diseases, including periodontal diseases. These periodontal pathologies result from the action of host defenses and from microbial virulence factors on a susceptible host. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of periodontopathogens in healthy individuals and in patients with periodontal disease. Both smoking and non-smoking patients were included. The number of bacteria that produce sulfur compounds in subgengival plaque samples of smokers and non smokers with different clinical conditions was also assessed. One hundred and eighty-nine patients were clinically and radiographically examined. The sample included patients with periodontal disease and healthy individuals. Sixty subjects were selected for microbiological evaluation. The isolation of periodontopathogens was carried out according to the methodology described by SLOTS35 (1982). The identification of the isolates was performed through biochemical tests. The isolation of black pigmented Bacteroides, Fusobacterium nucleatum and hydrogen sulfide producing bacteria was similar in smokers and non-smokers and higher among periodontal patients than among healthy subjects. However, the frequency of isolation of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in smokers with no periodontal pathologies was higher than in healthy individuals who do not use tobacco.
Smoking is one of the most relevant risk factors for many diseases, including periodontal diseases. These periodontal pathologies result from the action of host defenses and from microbial virulence factors on a susceptible host. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of periodontopathogens in healthy individuals and in patients with periodontal disease. Both smoking and non-smoking patients were included. The number of bacteria that produce sulfur compounds in subgengival plaque samples of smokers and non smokers with different clinical conditions was also assessed. One hundred and eighty-nine patients were clinically and radiographically examined. The sample included patients with periodontal disease and healthy individuals. Sixty subjects were selected for microbiological evaluation. The isolation of periodontopathogens was carried out according to the methodology described by SLOTS35 (1982). The identification of the isolates was performed through biochemical tests. The isolation of black pigmented Bacteroides, Fusobacterium nucleatum and hydrogen sulfide producing bacteria was similar in smokers and non-smokers and higher among periodontal patients than among healthy subjects. However, the frequency of isolation of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in smokers with no periodontal pathologies was higher than in healthy individuals who do not use tobacco.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tabaco, Bactérias, Doenças periodontais, Microbiologia, Tobacco, Bacteria, Periodontal disease, Microbiology
Como citar
Revista de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo. Universidade de São Paulo, v. 12, n. 4, p. 315-321, 1998.