O desenvolvimento das emoções e sentimentos da criança na construção de sua personalidade: as atividades artísticas como mediadoras desse processo na escola
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Data
2018-07-26
Autores
Felix, Tatiane da Silva Pires [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta tese de doutorado tem por objeto de pesquisa a relação entre um processo interventivo formativo do ensino de artes e o desenvolvimento das emoções e sentimentos de estudantes em idade escolar. As emoções e sentimentos são compreendidos nesta tese a partir do referencial da teoria histórico-cultural, que as define como elementos de uma unidade psicofísica constituinte da personalidade dos sujeitos, não estando apartados do intelecto humano, porém constituindo-se como uma função do psiquismo. Desta forma, esta tese também tem por intuito aprofundar a compreensão das emoções e sentimentos como funções do psiquismo, como aspecto indissociável do pensamento e da consciência humana. Assumimos também, como nosso referencial, o materialismo histórico-dialético e a pedagogia histórico-crítica, no sentido de embasar e qualificar a defesa de que é necessário não somente constatar o papel das emoções e sentimentos no desenvolvimento humano, mas também que é preciso pesquisar e transformar a realidade objeto da investigação em uma direção humanizadora. Ou seja, defendemos, nesta tese, a importância de um processo interventivo e formativo por meio do ensino das artes para compreender, e ao mesmo tempo, criar novas possibilidades para o desenvolvimento das emoções e sentimentos humanos e da personalidade dos estudantes participantes da pesquisa. Assim, para a construção e defesa desta tese, foi realizado um processo de intervenção formativa de ensino das artes que contou com 26 encontros semanais, com duração média de 90 minutos junto à 08 estudantes de um segundo ano de uma escola de ensino fundamental de Presidente Prudente. Este processo interventivo e formativo foi organizado em 04 etapas, a de verificação dos conhecimentos das crianças acerca das temáticas das artes e emoções e sentimentos, a de momentos de apropriação dos clássicos acerca da música e das pinturas, a de transmissão de técnicas fundamentais à produção artística da música e pintura e a de produção artística de quadros de autorretrato e de composição coletiva de uma música. Tais etapas foram pensadas e efetivadas no sentido de proporcionar aos estudantes, tanto que se apropriassem de manifestações artísticas das pinturas e da música, quanto que generalizassem as emoções e sentimentos humanos, transformando suas personalidades em sua totalidade cognitivaafetiva. Portanto, defendemos a tese de que a organização e efetivação do processo de ensino intencional por meio das artes pôde garantir que os estudantes se apropriassem dos significados sociais das emoções e sentimentos humanos, passando assim a generalizar suas próprias vivências, e desenvolvendo-se em uma direção genérico-humana.
This PHD thesis aims to research the relation between an formative interventional process of the teaching of arts and the development of the emotions and feelings of students of school age. Emotions and feelings are understood in this thesis from the frame of historical-cultural theory, which defines them as elements of a psychophysical unity constituent of the personality of the subjects, not being separated from the human intellect, but constituting itself as a function of the psyche. In this way, this thesis also intends to deepen the understanding of emotions and feelings as functions of the psyche as an inseparable aspect of human thought and consciousness. We also assume, as our referential, historicaldialectical materialism and historical-critical pedagogy, in order to base and qualify the defense that it is necessary not only to verify the role of emotions and feelings in human development, but also to research and transform the reality of research in a humanizing direction. That is, we defend in this thesis the importance of an interventional and formative process through the teaching of the arts to understand and at the same time create new possibilities for the development of human emotions and feelings and the personality of the students participating in the research. Thus, for the construction and defense of this thesis, a process of formative intervention of arts teaching was carried out, with 26 weekly meetings, with a mean duration of 90 minutes, together with the 08 students of a second year of a primary school of President Prudent. This intervention and training process was organized in four stages: the verification of the children's knowledge about the themes of the arts and emotions and feelings, the moments of appropriation of the classics about music and paintings, the transmission of techniques essential to production artistic production of music and painting, and artistic production of self-portrait paintings and the collective composition of a song. These steps were designed and implemented to provide students with both artistic and artistic manifestations of paintings and music, and to generalize human emotions and feelings, transforming their personalities into their cognitive-affective totality. Therefore, we defend the thesis that the organization and realization of the process of intentional teaching through the arts could ensure that students take ownership of the social meanings of human emotions and feelings, thus generalizing their own experiences and developing into a generichuman direction.
This PHD thesis aims to research the relation between an formative interventional process of the teaching of arts and the development of the emotions and feelings of students of school age. Emotions and feelings are understood in this thesis from the frame of historical-cultural theory, which defines them as elements of a psychophysical unity constituent of the personality of the subjects, not being separated from the human intellect, but constituting itself as a function of the psyche. In this way, this thesis also intends to deepen the understanding of emotions and feelings as functions of the psyche as an inseparable aspect of human thought and consciousness. We also assume, as our referential, historicaldialectical materialism and historical-critical pedagogy, in order to base and qualify the defense that it is necessary not only to verify the role of emotions and feelings in human development, but also to research and transform the reality of research in a humanizing direction. That is, we defend in this thesis the importance of an interventional and formative process through the teaching of the arts to understand and at the same time create new possibilities for the development of human emotions and feelings and the personality of the students participating in the research. Thus, for the construction and defense of this thesis, a process of formative intervention of arts teaching was carried out, with 26 weekly meetings, with a mean duration of 90 minutes, together with the 08 students of a second year of a primary school of President Prudent. This intervention and training process was organized in four stages: the verification of the children's knowledge about the themes of the arts and emotions and feelings, the moments of appropriation of the classics about music and paintings, the transmission of techniques essential to production artistic production of music and painting, and artistic production of self-portrait paintings and the collective composition of a song. These steps were designed and implemented to provide students with both artistic and artistic manifestations of paintings and music, and to generalize human emotions and feelings, transforming their personalities into their cognitive-affective totality. Therefore, we defend the thesis that the organization and realization of the process of intentional teaching through the arts could ensure that students take ownership of the social meanings of human emotions and feelings, thus generalizing their own experiences and developing into a generichuman direction.
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Palavras-chave
Emoções e sentimentos, Afetos, Artes, Educação, Teoria histórico-cultural, Emotions and feelings, Affections, Historical-cultural theory, Art, Education