Polifonia latente: aspectos estruturais, inter-relação e organização dos elementos
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Data
2018-07-31
Autores
Silva, Rafael Gueli Tomaz [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho propõe uma abordagem teórica/analítica do conceito e aspectos estruturais de um procedimento explorado por compositores no período barroco conhecido por polifonia latente. Neste período, diversos compositores buscaram expressar uma textura polifônica em uma linha melódica única. Primeiramente, este trabalho consiste em comparar os aspectos estruturais da melodia e polifonia com os da polifonia latente, e em segundo lugar, expor, qualificar e determinar os métodos e estratégias composicionais empregados nas obras analisadas e, assim explicitar aquilo que está latente pela ocultação da multiplicidade de partes em uma linha melódica única, resultando em uma textura polifônica latente. Para o cumprimento dos objetivos propostos adotamos diferentes estudos teóricos, analíticos e históricos, dos quais destacamos Albert Bregman (1994), Alexander Ringer (2001), Allen Forte e Steven Gilbert (1982), Arnold Schoenberg (2001), Ernst Kurth (1991), e Walter Piston (1947), estes autores, entre outros, fundamentaram o desenvolvimento do trabalho e a análise das peças, Presto da Fantasia VII em Mib maior para violino desacompanhado de Telemann, e Allemande da Partita em Lá menor para flauta desacompanhada - BWV 1013 de Bach. Verificamos que a aparente melodia que se apresenta na polifonia latente possui características melódicas e polifônicas diferentes, devido a múltiplas continuidades e unidades que a caracteriza. E que, a organização vertical e horizontal explicita na polifonia está condensada em uma linha melódica única na polifonia latente, se tornando então implícita. No fluir da aparente linha melódica única, percebe-se a atuação de várias vozes sem no entanto elas se sobreporem, pois essa técnica é resultado de uma maneira de utilizar os diversos parâmetros musicais onde a alternância entre as notas que se associam umas às outras permite estabelecer uma relação entre elas.
The present work proposes a theoretical/analytical approach to the concept and structural aspects of a procedure explored by composers in the baroque period known as latent polyphony. In this period, several composers sought to express a polyphonic texture in a single melodic line. First, this work consists of comparing the structural aspects of melody and polyphony with those of latent polyphony, and secondly, exposing, qualifying and determining the compositional methods and strategies employed in the analyzed works and thus explaining what is hidden by the occultation of the multiplicity of parts in a single melodic line, resulting in a latent polyphonic texture. In order to fulfill the proposed objectives, we adopted different theoretical, analytical and historical studies, such as Albert Bregman (1994), Alexander Ringer (2001), Allen Forte and Steven Gilbert (1982), Arnold Schoenberg (2001), Ernst Kurth , and Walter Piston (1947), these authors, among others, founded the development of the work and the analysis of the pieces, Presto of Fantasia VII in Mib major for unaccompanied violin by Telemann, and Allemande of Partita in A minor for unaccompanied flute - BWV 1013 by Bach. We verified that the apparent melody that displays in the latent polyphony has different melodic and polyphonic characteristics, due to the multiple continuities and units that characterizes it. And that, the explicit vertical and horizontal organization in polyphony is condensed into a single melodic line in latent polyphony, thus becoming implicit. In the flow of the apparent single melodic line, we can see the performance of several voices without however overlapping, since this technique is the result of a way of using the various musical parameters where the alternation between the notes that are associated with each other allows to establish a relationship between them.
The present work proposes a theoretical/analytical approach to the concept and structural aspects of a procedure explored by composers in the baroque period known as latent polyphony. In this period, several composers sought to express a polyphonic texture in a single melodic line. First, this work consists of comparing the structural aspects of melody and polyphony with those of latent polyphony, and secondly, exposing, qualifying and determining the compositional methods and strategies employed in the analyzed works and thus explaining what is hidden by the occultation of the multiplicity of parts in a single melodic line, resulting in a latent polyphonic texture. In order to fulfill the proposed objectives, we adopted different theoretical, analytical and historical studies, such as Albert Bregman (1994), Alexander Ringer (2001), Allen Forte and Steven Gilbert (1982), Arnold Schoenberg (2001), Ernst Kurth , and Walter Piston (1947), these authors, among others, founded the development of the work and the analysis of the pieces, Presto of Fantasia VII in Mib major for unaccompanied violin by Telemann, and Allemande of Partita in A minor for unaccompanied flute - BWV 1013 by Bach. We verified that the apparent melody that displays in the latent polyphony has different melodic and polyphonic characteristics, due to the multiple continuities and units that characterizes it. And that, the explicit vertical and horizontal organization in polyphony is condensed into a single melodic line in latent polyphony, thus becoming implicit. In the flow of the apparent single melodic line, we can see the performance of several voices without however overlapping, since this technique is the result of a way of using the various musical parameters where the alternation between the notes that are associated with each other allows to establish a relationship between them.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bach, Melodia, Polifonia, Polifonia latente, Telemann, Melody, Polyphony, Latent polyphony, Bach, Telemann