Avaliação do ROPScore como preditor de retinopatia da prematuridade em neonatos prematuros. Estudo comparativo.
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Data
2018-07-25
Autores
Simões, Heitor do Amaral
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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Introdução: A retinopatia da prematuridade (ROP) é uma doença vaso proliferativa multifatorial e uma das principais causas de cegueira infantil no mundo. O exame oftalmológico seriado identifica a forma grave da doença, porém pode causar estresse e instabilidade cardiorrespiratória nos neonatos prematuros. O algoritmo ROPScore, aferido na sexta semana de vida é efetivo em predizer o risco de ROP e diminuir o número de exames necessários para o diagnóstico. No entanto, nos casos em que a doença grave é precoce ou se desenvolve em neonatos mais maduros, o ROPScore seria mais efetivo se aferido antes da sexta semana de vida. Objetivo: avaliar a acurácia do ROPScore aferido na segunda semana de vida quando comparada com a da sexta semana. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo coorte prospectivo de neonatos pré-termos com peso ao nascimento (PN) ≤1500 g e / ou idade gestacional (IG) ≤ 32 semanas. O ROPScore foi aplicado na 2ª e na 6ª semanas de vida. Curvas ROC foram utilizadas para determinar os melhores valores de sensibilidade, especificidade e seus valores preditivos positivos (VPP) e negativos (VPN) para o desenvolvimento de ROP em qualquer estágio (RQE) e ROP grave (RG). Resultados: Dos 282 RNPT, 40 (14,2%) desenvolveram ROP e 27 (9,5%) a sua forma grave. A sensibilidade do ROPScore na 2ª semana para prever ROP em qualquer estadiamento foi de 92,5% e de 92,8% na ROP grave. Na 6ª semana foi de 90% e 92,6% respectivamente. O VPN foi alto tanto na 2ª (99%) como na 6ª (98%) semanas, para ROP em qualquer estadiamento e ROP grave (98,4% e 99%). Utilizando o ROPScore na 2ª semana, 191 RNPT não precisariam ser avaliados, diminuindo em 67,30% o número total de exames necessários para detectar ROP. Na 6ª semana, 199 não precisariam ser avaliados com a mesma frequência, diminuindo em 70,56% o número total de exames. Conclusão: O ROPScore foi uma ferramenta útil para detecção de ROP e da sua forma grave, mantendo a acurácia quando aferido na segunda semana de vida.
Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a multifactorial proliferative vessel disease and one of the leading causes of childhood blindness in the world. Serial ophthalmic examination identifies the severe form of the disease but may cause cardiorespiratory stress and instability in preterm infants. The ROPScore algorithm, measured in the sixth week of life, is effective in predicting ROP risk and decreasing the number of tests required for diagnosis. However, in cases where the severe disease is early or develops in more mature neonates, ROPScore would be more effective if measured before the sixth week of life. Objective: to evaluate the accuracy of ROPScore measured in the second week of life when compared to the sixth week. Methods: A prospective cohort study of preterm newborns with birth weight (BW) ≤1500 g and/or gestational age (GA) ≤ 32 weeks was performed. ROPScore was applied in the 2nd and 6th weeks of life. ROC curves were used to determine the best values of sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for the development of ROP at any stage (RQE) and severe ROP (RG). Results: Of the 282 preterms, 40 (14.2%) developed ROP and 27 (9.5%) developed their severe form. The sensitivity of ROPScore at 2nd week to predict ROP at any stage was 92.5% and 92.8% at ROP. In the 6th week, it was 90% and 92.6% respectively. The NPV was high in both the second (99%) and the sixth (98%) weeks, for ROP in any stage and severe ROP (98.4% and 99%). Using ROPScore at week 2, 191 newborns would not need to be evaluated, decreasing the total number of exams needed to detect ROP by 67.30%. At week 6, 199 did not need to be evaluated at the same frequency, decreasing the total number of exams by 70.56%. Conclusion: ROPScore was a useful tool for detecting ROP and its severe form, maintaining accuracy when measured in the second week of life.
Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a multifactorial proliferative vessel disease and one of the leading causes of childhood blindness in the world. Serial ophthalmic examination identifies the severe form of the disease but may cause cardiorespiratory stress and instability in preterm infants. The ROPScore algorithm, measured in the sixth week of life, is effective in predicting ROP risk and decreasing the number of tests required for diagnosis. However, in cases where the severe disease is early or develops in more mature neonates, ROPScore would be more effective if measured before the sixth week of life. Objective: to evaluate the accuracy of ROPScore measured in the second week of life when compared to the sixth week. Methods: A prospective cohort study of preterm newborns with birth weight (BW) ≤1500 g and/or gestational age (GA) ≤ 32 weeks was performed. ROPScore was applied in the 2nd and 6th weeks of life. ROC curves were used to determine the best values of sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for the development of ROP at any stage (RQE) and severe ROP (RG). Results: Of the 282 preterms, 40 (14.2%) developed ROP and 27 (9.5%) developed their severe form. The sensitivity of ROPScore at 2nd week to predict ROP at any stage was 92.5% and 92.8% at ROP. In the 6th week, it was 90% and 92.6% respectively. The NPV was high in both the second (99%) and the sixth (98%) weeks, for ROP in any stage and severe ROP (98.4% and 99%). Using ROPScore at week 2, 191 newborns would not need to be evaluated, decreasing the total number of exams needed to detect ROP by 67.30%. At week 6, 199 did not need to be evaluated at the same frequency, decreasing the total number of exams by 70.56%. Conclusion: ROPScore was a useful tool for detecting ROP and its severe form, maintaining accuracy when measured in the second week of life.
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Palavras-chave
retinopatia da prematuridade, fatores de risco, escore de predição, índice de gravidade de doença, retinopathy of prematurity, risk factors, prediction score, ROPScor