Equoterapia como elemento de rede de apoio ao processo de inclusão de uma criança com transtorno do espectro autista
Carregando...
Data
2018-08-13
Autores
Urbano, Maria Cristina Zecchinel
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) tem como característica o comprometimento em três áreas do desenvolvimento: interação social, comunicação e presença de comportamentos estereotipados. As crianças com TEA devem ter cuidados diferenciados, nesse sentido reforçamos a ideia da importância de redes de apoio – entendidas como ações articuladas com profissionais dentro e fora do ambiente escolar, em um espaço de debates onde são compartilhadas ideias, conhecimentos e alternativas educacionais e terapêuticas. Como parte integrante de uma rede de apoio, percebemos que a Equoterapia tem muito a oferecer, pois é uma terapia realizada em um ambiente natural, que utiliza o cavalo numa abordagem interdisciplinar na área de Educação, Saúde e Equitação favorecendo assim o desenvolvimento biopsicossocial do indivíduo. Desse modo, a investigação teve como objetivo discutir como os profissionais de educação e saúde percebem os efeitos da Equoterapia, como componente da rede de apoio, no processo de inclusão de uma aluna com TEA. A metodologia utilizada parte de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, de natureza exploratória e descritiva, se enquadrando em estudo de caso. A pesquisa foi realizada com profissionais da área da saúde e educação que atendem crianças com TEA. Os procedimentos metodológicos se desencadearam a partir de algumas ações, como a escolha dos sujeitos da pesquisa, o contato prévio com os sujeitos apresentando a intenção da pesquisa e seu objetivo, esclarecendo possíveis dúvidas; seguido da aprovação dos participantes e a apresentação do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE), elaboração do roteiro das entrevistas, realização das entrevistas, transcrições e análise das falas dos respectivos entrevistados. De acordo com os dados obtidos foi possível evidenciar, na percepção dos profissionais, que a Equoterapia é um método terapêutico eficiente e importante – constituindo-se como apoio ao processo de inclusão. Identificamos um município de grande potencial quanto ao atendimento oferecido, entretanto não há um processo de ações articuladas, sendo necessário criar estratégias para que haja uma relação de troca de informações do trabalho mais eficazes na intenção de desenvolver o processo de inclusão social do aluno com TEA de maneira mais ampla, justa e democrática. Palavras chave: Educação inclusiva. Declaração de Salamanca. Autismo.
The Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has as main feature the impairment t of three áreas of development: social interaction, communication and the presence of stereotypical behavior. Children affected with ASD must have a special care; therefore, we support the idea of the importance of support networks – understood as actions articulated with professionals inside and outside the school environment, in a space for debates where ideas, knowledge and educational and therapeutic alternatives are shared. As an integral part of a support network, we realized that Equine-assisted Therapy (EAT) has a lot to offer, for it is performed in a natural environment, that employs horses in an interdisciplinary approach in the fields of Education, Health, and Horse-Riding thus promoting the biopsychosocial development of the individual. In this way, the research had as objective to discuss how education and health professionals perceive the effects of EAT, as a component of the support network, in the process of inclusion of a female student with ASD. The methodology used come from a research of qualitative approach, of exploratory and descriptive nature, fitting in a case study. The research was carried out with the help of health and education professionals who assist children with ASD. The methodological procedures were achieved with some actions, such as the choice of research subjects, previous contact with the subjects showing the intention of the research and its objective, to clarify possible doubts; followed by participants approval and presentation of the Informed Consent Form, elaboration of the interview’s script, execution of the interviews, transcription and analysis of the speeches of the respective interviewees. In accordance with the data acquired, it was possible to highlight, on the professionals' impressions, that Equine -Assisted Therapy is an effective and important therapeutic method – constituting an assistance in the inclusion process. We identified a town of great potential regarding the services offered, yet there is not a process of articulated actions, being necessary to create strategies so that there is a more efficient information on work Exchange with the intention to develop the process of social inclusion of the student with ASD in a more extensive, just and democratic way.
The Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has as main feature the impairment t of three áreas of development: social interaction, communication and the presence of stereotypical behavior. Children affected with ASD must have a special care; therefore, we support the idea of the importance of support networks – understood as actions articulated with professionals inside and outside the school environment, in a space for debates where ideas, knowledge and educational and therapeutic alternatives are shared. As an integral part of a support network, we realized that Equine-assisted Therapy (EAT) has a lot to offer, for it is performed in a natural environment, that employs horses in an interdisciplinary approach in the fields of Education, Health, and Horse-Riding thus promoting the biopsychosocial development of the individual. In this way, the research had as objective to discuss how education and health professionals perceive the effects of EAT, as a component of the support network, in the process of inclusion of a female student with ASD. The methodology used come from a research of qualitative approach, of exploratory and descriptive nature, fitting in a case study. The research was carried out with the help of health and education professionals who assist children with ASD. The methodological procedures were achieved with some actions, such as the choice of research subjects, previous contact with the subjects showing the intention of the research and its objective, to clarify possible doubts; followed by participants approval and presentation of the Informed Consent Form, elaboration of the interview’s script, execution of the interviews, transcription and analysis of the speeches of the respective interviewees. In accordance with the data acquired, it was possible to highlight, on the professionals' impressions, that Equine -Assisted Therapy is an effective and important therapeutic method – constituting an assistance in the inclusion process. We identified a town of great potential regarding the services offered, yet there is not a process of articulated actions, being necessary to create strategies so that there is a more efficient information on work Exchange with the intention to develop the process of social inclusion of the student with ASD in a more extensive, just and democratic way.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação inclusiva, Declaração de Salamanca, Autismo, Inclusive education, The Salamanca statement, Autism